Airbonre Studies of Clouds and Precipitation with a Millimeter Wavelength Radar

项目总结/Vali，9712859/McIntosh，9713778 用毫米波雷达对云和降水的机载研究 自1989年以来，在物理气象学方案、马萨诸塞州大学微波遥感实验室和大气科学系的支持下， 怀俄明州大学合作设计、开发、安装和应用了一种95 GHz机载多普勒极化雷达。 该合同为机载毫米波雷达的开发和应用提供了进一步的支持，并结合了空中国王的现场测量。 将实施的硬件和软件改进包括增加可选择的滤波器以匹配各种脉冲长度，使用新的校准技术以提高最小可检测线性消偏振比，开发在更近距离测量反射率的能力（为了改进与原位探针的比较），以及开发一种新的装置，以允许在逐个脉冲的基础上在前后方向之间切换光束。 云和降水研究将集中在1）继续研究佛罗里达积云，包括对比海洋和大陆起源的云，用毫米波雷达和CP-2雷达数据的伪双多普勒合并检索x-z风截面，2）扩展机载速度方位角显示方法以研究俄勒冈州层云的波状特征，3）偏振测量能力的探索，包括不同冰晶群的测量和建模的共偏振和交叉偏振反向散射器的比较，以及4）量化与测量和预测的反射率相关的不确定性。 此外，我们建议安装在法国F-27研究飞机上的毫米波长雷达，在法国称为TRAC 98的实地观测计划中，用于边界层积云动力学的伪双多普勒研究。 这不仅是一个很好的国际合作，而且对于NSF资助的研究来说也非常具有成本效益。

PROJECT SUMMARY/Vali, 9712859/McIntosh, 9713778 Airborne Studies of Clouds and Precipitation with a Millimeter Wavelength Radar Since 1989, with support by the Physical Meteorology Program, the Microwave Remote Sensing Laboratory, at the University of Massachusetts and the Department of Atmospheric Science, at the University of Wyoming have collaborated in the design, development, installation, and application of a 95GHz, airborne, Doppler, polarimetric radar. This award provides further support for development and application of the airborne millimeter-wavelength radar, in combination with in-situ measurements from the King Air Hardware and software improvements to be implemented include addition of selectable filters to match a variety of pulse lengths, use of a new calibration technique to improve the minimum detectable Linear Depolarization Ratio, development of the capability to measure reflectivity at closer range (to improve comparisons with the in-situ probes), and development of a new device to allow switching the beam between fore and aft directions on a pulse-by-pulse basis. Cloud and precipitation research will focus on 1) continued study of Florida cumulus clouds, including contrasting clouds of maritime and continental origins, retrieval of x-z wind cross-sections with a pseudo-dual Doppler merging of the millimeter radar and CP-2 radar data, 2) extension of the Airborne Velocity Azimuth Display method to study wave-like features in Oregon stratus, 3 exploration of polarimetric capabilities, including comparisons of measured and modeled co-polarized and cross- polarized backscafler for different ice-crystal populations, and 4) quantifying the uncertainties associated with measured and predicted reflectivities. In addition, we propose to mount the millimeter-wavelength radar on the French F-27 research aircraft, for pseudo-dual Doppler studies of boundary layer cumulus dynamics in a field observational program in France known as TRAC98. This is n ot only a good international collaboration, but also very cost-effective for the NSF-funded research.