Mobile Doppler Radar Observations of Tornados

9616730麦金托什虽然在过去几年里已经对龙卷风风暴的结构有了很多了解，但仍有一些问题尚未解决。例如，在过去十年中，在了解龙卷风雷暴的结构及其创造的有利于龙卷风发展的一般环境方面取得了进展。然而，龙卷风是如何以及为什么在一些风暴中触发的细节以及为什么会在其他风暴中触发，以及龙卷风本身的详细结构的知识仍未解决。俄克拉荷马大学和马萨诸塞大学的科学家提议继续进行富有成效的合作努力，研究龙卷风的附近环境和详细结构。在该项目的第一年，将对马萨诸塞大学的移动、高分辨率、地面、3毫米波长的脉冲多普勒雷达进行实质性改进。雷达升级将允许在时间和空间上以更高的分辨率收集数据。在第二年和第三年，改进后的移动雷达将在马萨诸塞大学和俄克拉何马大学的科学家之间的合作努力中部署。目的是绘制龙卷风及其母体环流中及其邻近区域的多普勒速度场和反射率场图。这项实验的目的是了解龙卷风是如何形成的以及为什么形成，并确定其内部结构。如果成功，研究人员将获得龙卷风及其附近环境有史以来最高分辨率的测量结果。这可能会让人们更好地了解龙卷风的形成过程，并改进预报。***

9616730 McIntosh While much has been learned about the structure of tornadic storms over the last few years, some problems still remain unsolved. For example, progress has been made over the last decade in understanding the structure of tornadic thunderstorms and the general environment they create that is conducive for tornado development. Still unresolved, however, are details of how and why tornadoes are triggered in some storms, but not in others and the knowledge of the detailed structure of the tornado itself. Scientists from the University of Oklahoma and the University of Massachusetts propose to continue a productive cooperative effort to study the near environment and detailed structure of tornadoes. In the first year of this project, substantial improvements will be made to a mobile, high-resolution, ground-based, 3-mm wavelength, pulsed Doppler radar from the University of Massachusetts. The radar upgrades will allow collection of data with improved resolution in both time and space. In the second and third years, the improved mobile radar will be deployed in a collaborative effort between the University of Massachusetts and scientists from the University of Oklahoma. The objective is to map the Doppler velocity and reflectivity fields in and adjacent to tornadoes and their parent circulations. The purpose of the experiment is to learn how and why tornadoes form, and to determine their internal structure. If successful the researchers will obtain the highest-resolution measurements ever made of the structure of a tornado and its near environment. This may lead to better understanding of the process of tornado genesis and improved forecasts. ***