U.S.-Pakistan Workshop on Silicon Technology, February 1998, Islamabad, Pakistan

该奖项是为了支持美国科学家参加将于1998年2月在巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡举行的“美国-巴基斯坦硅技术研讨会和讲习班”。美国团队的负责人是T. Nejat Veziroglu博士，他是佛罗里达州迈阿密大学清洁能源研究所（CERI）的教授和主任。巴基斯坦的联合组织者是伊斯兰堡国家硅技术研究所（NIST）主任Parvez Akhter博士。讲习班的目标包括：交流关于硅在光伏发电和晶体管应用方面的技术和利用的最新知识；突出硅技术在太阳能转换和计算机应用方面的快速发展的已知应用和好处；结合巴基斯坦最近产生的太阳能制图数据，讨论太阳能电池技术的利用；为美巴合作研发提出建议，加快硅技术领域的技术转移。具体讨论的主题包括：从石英、稻壳和硅砂中生产硅的工艺；单晶生长与浮区工艺非晶硅技术作为太阳能电池的可行材料；多晶铸造和带状技术；薄膜太阳能电池的新材料和新技术、异质结、浓缩和杂化；对每种特定应用的这些技术进行比较；包括氢能在内的储能设备现状；以及太阳系的设计。最后一天将专门举行关于具体题目的具体讲习班，目的是确定工业化国家和发展中国家之间技术转让的最有效手段。范围：本项目涉及一个对所谓的“阳光地带”的许多发展中国家特别重要的地区。其中一些国家缺乏足够的化石燃料，或者根本没有化石燃料来满足当前的需求或任何计划中的工业化。它们将认为发展一个可行的太阳能工业，无论是本国的还是与工业化国家的共同努力，都是经济发展、环境问题和所需财政资源之间关系的一个突破。巴基斯坦是20世纪70年代早期在国家科学基金资助下开始这项工作的国家之一。参加这次会议的美方人员将由一个由两名美国专家和两名巴基斯坦专家组成的委员会选出。CERI和NIST在组织这一领域的类似会议方面都有丰富的经验，其中一些会议包括南亚的其他国家。该研讨会的预期成果，包括潜在的研究合作、信息交流以及为美国太阳能材料公司进入巴基斯坦市场开辟途径，对两国都有帮助。该提案符合INT支持可能加强美国和外国研究人员在共同感兴趣领域合作的活动的标准。

Description: This award is for support of US scientists' participation in a `US-Pakistan Symposium and Workshop on Silicon Technology`, to be held in February 1998, in Islamabad, Pakistan. The US team leader is Dr. T. Nejat Veziroglu, Professor and Director, Clean Energy Research Institute (CERI) at the University of Miami, in Florida. The Pakistani co-organizer is Dr. Parvez Akhter, Director of the National Institute of Silicon Technology (NIST) in Islamabad. The objectives of the workshop include: exchange of the latest knowledge on the technology and utilization of silicon in photovoltaics, as well as transistor applications; to highlight the known applications and benefits of the rapid growth in silicon technology, both for solar energy conversation and for computer applications; to discuss the utilization in solar cell technology in conjunction with the recently generated data on solar energy mapping in Pakistan; and to make recommendations for cooperative research and development between the US and Pakistan to accelerate the technology transfer in the field of silicon technology. Specific topics to be discussed include: production procedures of silicon from quartz, rice husk, and silica sand; growth of single crystal and float zone technology; amorphous silicon technology as a viable material for solar cells; polycrystalline casting and ribbon technology; new materials and techniques to make thin film solar cells, heterojunctions, concentration and hybrids; comparison of these techniques for each specific applications; status of storage devices including hydrogen energy; and design of solar systems. The last day will be devoted to specific workshops on specific topics with the purpose of identifying the most effective means for transfer of technology between industrialized countries and the developing countries. Scope: This project deals with an area that is of particular importance to many developing countries that are in the so-called Sun-Belt. Several of these countries lack adequate, or any, fossil fuel for the current demands or for any planned industrialization. They would consider the development of a viable solar energy industry, either indigenous or as joint effort with industrialized countries, as a breakthrough in the equation that links economic development, environmental concerns, and needed financial resources. Pakistan has been one of the countries that started on this effort early in the 1970's with some technical support from NSF grantees. The US participants in this meeting are to be selected by a committee of two US and two Pakistani experts in the field. Both the CERI and NIST have extensive experience in organizing similar meetings in this area, some of which included other countries in South Asia. The expected results of the workshop, including potential research collaboration, exchange of information, and opening avenues for US solar energy material companies to the Pakistani market, are helpful for both countries. The proposal meets INT criteria for supporting activities likely to enhance collaboration between US and foreign researchers in areas of mutual interest.