Evolution of a Species Complex During Faunal Turnover: Morphometric Analyses of the Montastraea Annularis Reef Coral Complex

动物区系更替期间物种复合体的进化:Montastraea Annularis 珊瑚礁复合体的形态测量分析

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    9725273
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    1998-05-01 至 2003-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

9725273 Budd More than 60% of the modern Caribbean reef coral fauna arose between 4-1.5 Ma during an episode of accelerated faunal turnover, documented as part of previous NSF funded research. The proposed research shifts from a taxonomically broad characterization of this episode to an in-depth analysis of some of its most important participants, and focuses on morphologic evolution within a clade of Montastraea. The selected clade has been ecologically dominant for the past 30 myr and consists of at least 10 species. Among them are members of the modern Montastraea annularis species complex, which arose early during the turnover episode and have widely been used as a model organism in marine ecology and geology; e.g., to study coral beaching and paleoclimatic change. The complex has long been thought to represent one species, whose colony morphology varied extensively in response to light at different reef depths. However, Knowlton & co-workers have recently used reproductive and molecular data and field studies of colony morphology to propose that M. 'annularis' is actually a complex of at least 3 species. A pilot study with Knowlton has shown that, although the 3 species overlap in traditional morphologic characters, they are clearly distinct in morphometric analyses of non-traditional characters including: (1) the 3D relief of septa on calical surfaces and (2) the 2D structure of the corallite walls. Moreover, evolutionary relationships inferred from 3D morphometric results correspond with those based on DNA. These findings suggest that the evolutionary study of faunal turnover may be compromised by the inadequacy of traditional procedures to consistently recognize genetically distinct species. The proposed research will therefore develop more refined morphometric methods for recognizing species in the fossil record and tracing their evolution through geologic time. It involves: (1) conducting a survey of morphologic characters using 3D morphometrics to determine which char acters best match the results of ongoing DNA work by Knowlton & co-workers; (2) devising a procedure based on a subset of the characters above, which can be used to recognize species in fossil material and trace them through geologic time; (3) examining the morphologic stability of these species at intervals of 100 kyr through series of Late Pleistocene reef terraces at scattered geographic locations; (4) Reconstructing the phylogeny of the clade using combined morphometrics & phylogenetic approaches. In the first 2 sets of analyses, I will collaborate with Nancy Knowlton, and in the third, with John Pandolfi. Except for field and shipping expenses, Knowlton & Pandolfi are funded separately by the Smithsonian Institution. The material will consist of genetically characterized colonies (provided by Knowlton); newly collected, ecologically characterized Late Pleistocene colonies (collected with Pandolfi); and well-dated Oligocene to Early Pleistocene in museum collections, most of which I made as part of earlier NSF funded work. The results will be used: (1) to document the timing and pattern of speciation and extinction events within the M. annularis complex, and relate them to patterns of overall faunal turnover, and (2) to examine trends of morphologic evolution at various levels within the clade and interpret their cause. They will thus contribute valuable information for assessing the roles of external environmental factors and biological interactions in causing turnover. The proposed research will provide an elegant model system, integrating molecular, reproductive, morphologic, and fossil data in an ecologically important but manageable size clade. It will be the first such system in reef corals to incorporate fossil data and use them for inferring evolutionary processes. In addition to paleontology, the proposed research will contribute in important ways to coral reef biology, systematics, and molecular evolution. Interpretation of modern distributions will be aided by eval uation of the past ecological roles of these species, new morphological techniques for reliably separating closely related species will be developed, and the combination of fossil and molecular data will provide the first estimates in corals for rates of molecular evolution for relatively recently diverged taxa. Funds are requested for image analysis equipment; salary for a grad student R.A. & the PI; field work collecting Late Pleistocene colonies; and the use of university SEM & confocal microscopes.
9725273 Budd超过60%的现代加勒比珊瑚礁动物群在4-1.5 Ma之间出现,这是一个加速动物群更替的时期,这是以前美国国家科学基金会资助的研究的一部分。这项研究从对这一事件的广泛分类特征转变为对其中一些最重要的参与者的深入分析,并将重点放在蒙塔斯特亚一个分支的形态进化上。所选择的进化支在过去30万年中一直处于生态优势地位,并由至少10个物种组成。其中有现代环斑蒙塔亚(Montastraea annularis)种复合体的成员,它们早在翻转时期出现,被广泛用作海洋生态学和地质学的模式生物;例如,研究珊瑚搁浅和古气候变化。长期以来,人们一直认为这个复合体代表着一个物种,在不同的珊瑚礁深度,它们的群落形态随着光线的变化而变化很大。然而,Knowlton &同事最近利用生殖和分子数据以及群体形态的实地研究提出M。“环虫”实际上是至少3个物种的复合体。与Knowlton合作进行的一项初步研究表明,尽管这三个物种在传统形态特征上有重叠,但在非传统特征的形态计量学分析中,它们明显不同,包括:(1)钙质表面上隔层的三维浮雕和(2)珊瑚壁的二维结构。此外,从三维形态测量结果推断的进化关系与基于DNA的进化关系相一致。这些发现表明,动物群更替的进化研究可能会受到传统程序的不足,以一致地识别遗传上不同的物种。因此,拟议的研究将开发更精细的形态测量方法,以识别化石记录中的物种并追踪它们在地质时期的进化。它包括:(1)使用3D形态测量学对形态特征进行调查,以确定哪些特征与Knowlton &同事正在进行的DNA工作的结果最匹配;(2)设计一种基于上述特征子集的程序,可用于识别化石材料中的物种并追溯其地质年代;(3)通过一系列分布在不同地理位置的晚更新世珊瑚礁梯田,以100 kyr为间隔考察这些物种的形态稳定性;(4)结合形态计量学和系统发育学方法重建进化枝的系统发育。在前两组分析中,我将与Nancy Knowlton合作,在第三组分析中,我将与John Pandolfi合作。除了现场和运输费用外,Knowlton & Pandolfi由史密森学会单独资助。材料将包括具有遗传特征的菌落(由Knowlton提供);新收集的具有生态学特征的晚更新世菌落(用Pandolfi收集);博物馆收藏的渐新世到早更新世的精确年代,其中大部分是我早期国家科学基金会资助的工作的一部分。研究结果将用于:(1)记录环轮轮群落中物种形成和灭绝事件的时间和模式,并将其与整体动物群更替模式联系起来;(2)研究进化分支中不同水平的形态进化趋势并解释其原因。因此,它们将为评估外部环境因素和生物相互作用在造成更替方面的作用提供有价值的资料。拟议的研究将提供一个优雅的模型系统,将分子、生殖、形态和化石数据整合在一个生态上重要但可管理的大小进化枝中。这将是第一个在珊瑚礁珊瑚中整合化石数据并使用它们来推断进化过程的系统。除了古生物学之外,这项研究还将对珊瑚礁生物学、系统学和分子进化做出重要贡献。对这些物种过去的生态作用的评估将有助于解释现代分布,新的形态学技术将可靠地分离密切相关的物种,化石和分子数据的结合将提供珊瑚中相对新近分化的分类群的分子进化率的第一次估计。要求拨款购买图像分析设备;研究生助理的薪水;野外采集晚更新世菌落;以及使用大学扫描电子显微镜和共聚焦显微镜。

项目成果

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Ann Budd其他文献

Ann Budd的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Ann Budd', 18)}}的其他基金

CSBR: Natural History Collections: Critical renovation and revitalization of the University of Iowa Fossil Plant Collection
CSBR:自然历史收藏:爱荷华大学化石植物收藏的关键翻新和振兴
  • 批准号:
    1349322
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Proposal: ARTS: Revisionary systematics of fossil and living Caribbean faviid and mussid reef corals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Scleractinia)
合作提案:ARTS:加勒比海蚕科和贻贝珊瑚化石和活体系统学修订(刺胞动物门、珊瑚虫门、石珊瑚门)
  • 批准号:
    1145043
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Computerization of the University of Iowa Paleontology Repository
爱荷华大学古生物学知识库的计算机化
  • 批准号:
    0544235
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: A Depositional and Paleoecological model of Neogene Reef Development in the Dominican Republic: Integrating Taxonomic and Chronostratigraphic Databases
合作研究:多米尼加共和国新近纪珊瑚礁发育的沉积和古生态模型:整合分类学和年代地层数据库
  • 批准号:
    0445789
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Biogeographic Isolation and Morphological Convergence in Scleractinian Corals, Suborder Faviina
合作研究:石珊瑚亚目 Faviina 的生物地理隔离和形态趋同
  • 批准号:
    0343208
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NMITA (Phase II): Integrating Interactive Identification Keys, Distribution Maps, and Stratigraphic Columns with the Neogene Marine Biota of Tropical America WWW Database
NMITA(第二阶段):将交互式识别码、分布图和地层柱与热带美洲 WWW 数据库的新近纪海洋生物群相集成
  • 批准号:
    0102544
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Reorganization of the University of Iowa Paleontology Repository
爱荷华大学古生物学知识库的重组
  • 批准号:
    0096768
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Neogene Marine Biota of Tropical America (NMITA): A World-Wide Web Taxonomy Database
热带美洲新近纪海洋生物群 (NMITA):万维网分类数据库
  • 批准号:
    9705199
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Plio-Pleistocene Turnover in the Caribbean Reef Coral Fauna and its Relationship to Regional Environmental Change
加勒比珊瑚礁珊瑚动物群的上更新世更替及其与区域环境变化的关系
  • 批准号:
    9219138
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Publication of a Systematic Monograph on Two Genera of Neogene Caribbean Reef Corals
出版新近纪加勒比礁珊瑚两属系统专着
  • 批准号:
    9122063
  • 财政年份:
    1992
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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