Structural Studies of Defects, Disorder and Phase Transitions

缺陷、无序和相变的结构研究

• 批准号: 9729297
• 负责人: Simon Moss
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9729297&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Structural; Studies; Defects; Disorder; Phase

Moss9729297This research project in materials physics employs x-ray and neutron scattering methods to address a range of problems in the structure of matter. The interest on the one hand is with atomic structure relationships, and on the other with those details that lead to important physical properties. Topics include interfacial disorder in multilayers, replacive disorder and order-disorder transitions in metals, semiconductors and superconductors; orientational disorder in molecular solids; displacive disorder in structural transitions, and the effects of surface on disorder and phase transitions. The project includes computer modeling and simulation, and collaborations with theorists. Materials under study include quasicrystals, superconductors, fullerenes, vanadium hydrides, metals with martensitic transitions, and multilayers of various metals. The research provides excellent training for graduate students and post-doctoral associates in x-ray, neutron, synchrotron x-ray and small angle x-ray scattering methods. Because of the breadth of materials under study, students receive an excellent background in materials physics and are prepared for a range of scientific or technical careers.%%% This research project in materials physics uses x-rays and neutrons to probe atomic arrangements in many different types of materials. The task is first to determine how the atoms are arrange in the solids and then to determine how the physical properties of the materials depend on the atomic arrangements. The materials under study include high-Tc superconductors, metals, fullerenes (bucky-balls), semiconductors, and multilayers of metals and semiconductors. The experiments depend strongly on computer modeling and simulation, and interaction with theorists. The research provides excellent training for graduate students and post-doctoral associates in x-ray, neutron, synchrotron x-ray and small angle x-ray scattering methods. Because of the breadth of materials under study, students receive an excellent background in materials physics and are prepared for a range of scientific or technical careers.

Moss 9729297这个材料物理学的研究项目采用X射线和中子散射方法来解决物质结构中的一系列问题。一方面是对原子结构关系的兴趣，另一方面是对那些导致重要物理性质的细节的兴趣。主题包括多层膜中的界面无序，金属、半导体和超导体中的有序无序和有序无序转变;分子固体中的取向无序;结构转变中的位移无序，以及表面对无序和相变的影响。该项目包括计算机建模和模拟，以及与理论家的合作。研究中的材料包括准晶体、超导体、富勒烯、钒氧化物、具有马氏体转变的金属以及各种金属的多层膜。该研究为研究生和博士后提供了X射线，中子，同步加速器X射线和小角度X射线散射方法的优秀培训。由于所研究材料的广度，学生获得材料物理学的优秀背景，并为一系列科学或技术职业做好准备。%这个材料物理学的研究项目使用x射线和中子来探测许多不同类型材料中的原子排列。这项任务首先是确定原子在固体中的排列方式，然后确定材料的物理性质如何取决于原子的排列。正在研究的材料包括高温超导体、金属、富勒烯（巴基球）、半导体以及金属和半导体的多层。实验在很大程度上依赖于计算机建模和模拟，以及与理论家的互动。该研究为研究生和博士后提供了X射线，中子，同步加速器X射线和小角度X射线散射方法的优秀培训。由于所研究的材料的广度，学生获得材料物理学的优秀背景，并为一系列科学或技术职业做好准备。