POWRE: Water Supply in Groundwater Systems: Facing Constraints of Regulations, Risk, and Reality

9753074赫林“提供安全，可口，充足的公共供水”，环境工程专业的核心任务，一直是特别具有挑战性的干旱的美国西南部。 与过去在美国西部的大规模水力工程中表现出的对供水的关注相反，目前的监管环境强调水质。 日益严格的饮用水标准增加了市政当局和供水商的负担;这一问题对地下水系统可能特别严重，因为传统上，地下水系统只需要对水源沃茨进行最低限度的处理。 这个问题的一个具体例子是由汉福德市，加利福尼亚州人口约。39，000），其市政供水依赖地下水。 汉福德的地下水中自然存在高浓度的砷。 当地威尔斯井中的砷浓度经常超过目前的饮用水标准（50克/升）;平均而言，通过分配系统内的稀释达到了标准。 拟议的项目将集中在汉福德地下水供应系统作为一个案例研究的问题，有可能成为越来越普遍的未来供水在美国。该项目将在监管驱动因素和当地水文地质和现有分配系统的实际限制的框架内，强调风险估计和遵守备选方案的问题。 ***

9753074 Hering The "provision of safe, palatable, and ample public water supplies", a core mandate of the environmental engineering profession, has always been particularly challenging in the arid southwestern United States. In contrast to the past focus on delivery of water, which has been manifested in the western U.S. in massive hydraulics works, the present regulatory climate emphasizes water quality. Increasingly stringent drinking water standards place an increased burden on municipalities and water suppliers; this problem can be particularly severe for groundwater systems, which have traditionally required minimal treatment of source waters. A specific example of this problem is provided by the City of Hanford, CA population ca. 39,000), which relies on groundwater for its municipal water supply. Elevated concentrations of arsenic occur naturally in the groundwater at Hanford. Arsenic concentrations in local wells frequently exceed the current drinking water standard (50 g/L); compliance with the standard is achieved, in the average, by dilution within the distribution system. The proposed project will focus on the Hanford groundwater supply system as a case study of the issues that are likely to become increasingly prevalent in the future of water supply in the U.S. Specifically, the project will emphasize the issues of risk estimation and compliance options within the framework of both the regulatory drivers and the physical constraints of the local hydrogeology and the existing distribution system. ***