SBIR Phase I: Co-Tolerant Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells

SBIR 第一阶段：质子交换膜 (PEM) 燃料电池的共耐受电催化剂

• 批准号: 9760657
• 负责人: David Tarnowski
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: T/J Technologies, Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-01-01 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9760657&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Co; Tolerant; Electrocatalysts

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project addresses the need for CO-tolerant anode electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells operating with reformate hydrogen. Improving the tolerance to carbon monoxide will reduce the required loadings of noble metal catalyst and permit operation on reformed hydrocarbon fuels without requiring separation and purification of the hydrogen. The proposed approach is a synergistic combination of two previous strategies that have proven successful in improving the efficiency and CO tolerance of anodic electrocatalysts. Inherently active and poison-tolerant high surface area support materials will be used. In addition, the supports will be modified to create highly disperse bifunctional sites. Phase I involved a systematic study of three process variables used in preparing the supported catalyst materials. The composition and microstructure of the materials will be analyzed. Electrodes will be prepared for standard electrochemical measurements of activity. In Phase II, electrode designs will be optimized and electrochemical measurements extended to evaluate full cell and stacked cell performance as a function of catalyst loading, temperature range and fuel composition. Reducing catalyst costs will address a key obstacle hindering the commercialization of PEM fuel cells for vehicle propulsion and off-grid electric power generation.

这个小企业创新研究第一阶段项目解决了对质子交换膜燃料电池用重整氢运行的耐CO阳极电催化剂的需求。 改进对一氧化碳的耐受性将减少所需的贵金属催化剂的负载量，并允许在重整的烃燃料上操作而不需要分离和纯化氢气。 所提出的方法是一个协同组合的两个先前的策略，已被证明是成功的，在提高效率和CO耐受性的阳极电催化剂。 将使用固有活性和耐毒性的高表面积载体材料。 此外，将对载体进行修饰以产生高度分散的双功能位点。 阶段I涉及用于制备负载型催化剂材料的三个工艺变量的系统研究。 分析了材料的成分和显微组织。 将准备电极用于活性的标准电化学测量。 在第二阶段，将优化电极设计，并扩展电化学测量，以评估全电池和堆叠电池的性能，作为催化剂负载，温度范围和燃料成分的函数。 降低催化剂成本将解决阻碍PEM燃料电池用于车辆推进和离网发电的商业化的关键障碍。