SBIR Phase I: Membrane Hydrogen Dissolution for Bioremediation of High Strength Nitrate Waste

这是小企业创新研究第一阶段的提案。某些修复设施产生的废物流含有高浓度的亚硝酸盐和氯化脂肪烃。这些可以用溶解的氢气作为电子供体进行生物破坏。氢在反硝化和还原脱卤方面比其他有机电子供体具有经济和操作上的优势。限制氢使用的因素是其溶解度低，即现有的商业气体溶解技术无法以安全、经济有效的方式溶解足够的氢。基于膜的气体溶解技术有可能为这些过程提供安全所需的氢气，但市面上适用于无气泡气体溶解的膜性能较差，容易产生生物污染，或者两者兼而有之。Compact Membrane Systems, Inc.开发了一种用于微孔膜的高透气性全氟聚合物涂层。与微孔疏水膜相比，全氟聚合物涂层的光滑、无孔特性对生物污染具有很高的抵抗力。这种涂层可以消除性能、污染和成本障碍，这些障碍阻碍了膜基气体溶解技术在连续生物过程中的使用。拟议的研究将证明使用全氟聚合物涂覆膜装置作为高浓度硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐生物反硝化的氢源的技术可行性。除了去除硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和氯化烃外，这些全氟膜还可用于将许多其他气体转移到水中或从水中转移出去。例子包括：生物反应器的氧化以促进细胞生长，水产养殖的氧化，废水的氧化，饮用水的臭氧化以提高质量和安全。这种广泛的利用基础应该会导致商业成功的高概率，以及允许在补救市场中降低定价的大销售基础。＊＊＊

*** 9761250 Nemser This is a Small Business Innovation Research Phase I proposal. Certain remediation facilities generate waste streams containing high concentrations of nitrite and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons. These can be destroyed biologically using dissolved hydrogen gas as the electron donor. Hydrogen offers several economic and operational advantages over other organic electron donors in denitrification and in reductive dehalogenation. The factor limiting hydrogen use is its low solubility, i.e. existing commercial gas-dissolution technologies cannot dissolve sufficient hydrogen in a safe, cost effective manner. Membrane-based gas-dissolution technologies can potentially supply the hydrogen required for these processes safety, but commercially available membrane suitable for bubble-free gas-dissolution have poor performance, biological fouling, or both. Compact Membrane Systems, Inc., has developed a highly gas permeable perfluoropolymer coating for microporous membranes. The smooth, non-porous nature of the perfluoropolymer coating is highly resistant to biological fouling, especially compared to microporous hydrophobic membranes. This coating could remove the performance, fouling, and cost barriers that preclude the use of membrane-based gas dissolution technologies in continuous biological processes. The proposed study will demonstrate the technical feasibility of using perfluoropolymer-coated membrane devices as the hydrogen source for biological denitrification of high concentrations of nitrate and nitrite. In addition to nitrate, nitrite and chlorinated hydrocarbon removal, these perfluoromembranes can be used to transfer many other gases into or out of water. Examples include: oxygenation of bioreactors for enhanced cell growth, oxygenation of aquaculture, oxygenation of wastewater, ozonation of drinking water for enhanced quality and safety. This broad base of utilization should lead to both high probability of commercial success plus a large sales base to allow for lower pricing in remediation markets. ***