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Dissertation Research: Cascades of Character Change and Speciation in Alaskan Threespine Stickleback

论文研究：阿拉斯加三刺鱼的性状变化和物种形成的级联

基本信息

批准号：
9801378
负责人：
Susan Foster
金额：
$ 0.57万
依托单位：
Clark University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-06-01 至 2000-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9801378&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dissertation Research Cascades Character Change

项目摘要

Foster9801378One of the fundamental challenges facing biologists is to define the processes by which biodiversity is created. Adaptive radiations, which occur through a rapid series of speciation events that produce organisms differing in ecologically important traits, are a primary source of biodiversity. Exploration of speciation mechanisms can therefore provide great insight into the processes by which biodiversity is created. To examine speciation we will be using the remarkable adaptive radiation of the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. In recently de-glaciated areas, such as our research site in Alaska, freshwater stickleback populations have diverged from a common marine ancestor in a remarkably short period of time. The freshwater populations have evolved many different types of organismal traits, and often show a correlated divergence in those traits. We will investigate how change in one trait can set the stage for changes in other traits, a process known as a 'trait' or 'character cascade'. Specifically, we will examine whether an initial divergence in stickleback ecology can cause a cascade of character changes that eventually leads to a divergence in mating preferences, an initial step in speciation. Because of the correlated evolution of many characters in recently formed populations, threespine stickleback provide a model system for studying how cascades of character change can lead to the formation of new species.

生物学家面临的基本挑战之一是定义生物多样性的形成过程。适应性辐射是生物多样性的主要来源，它通过一系列快速的物种形成事件产生不同的生态重要特征的有机体。因此，对物种形成机制的探索可以提供对生物多样性形成过程的更大洞察。为了研究物种形成，我们将使用三刺鱼显著的适应性辐射。在最近冰川消融的地区，比如我们在阿拉斯加的研究地点，淡水刺鱼种群在非常短的时间内从一个共同的海洋祖先分化出来。淡水种群进化出了许多不同类型的生物特征，并且往往在这些特征上表现出相关的差异。我们将研究一种特性的变化如何为其他特性的变化奠定基础，这一过程被称为“特性”或“性格级联”。具体地说，我们将研究刺背生态中最初的分歧是否会导致一连串的特征变化，最终导致交配偏好的分歧，这是物种形成的第一步。由于新近形成的种群中许多性状的相关进化，三刺鱼为研究性状的级联变化如何导致新物种的形成提供了一个模型系统。