Molecular Phylogenetics and Revisionary Systematics of Hawaiian Carabid Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera)

夏威夷步甲甲虫的分子系统发育学和修订系统学（昆虫纲：鞘翅目）

• 批准号: 9806349
• 负责人: James Liebherr
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-15 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9806349&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Phylogenetics; Revisionary; Systematics; Hawaiian

DEB-9806349 Liebherr Based on analysis of morphological characters, the Hawaiian platynine carabid beetles (Coleoptera) comprise a monophyletic radiation of 131 known species, all derivable from a single generalized ancestor to either the oldest high island of Kauai, or an older now eroded island. Phylogenetic relationships among these species provide the historical context within which evolutionary patterns can be evaluated. Such patterns include those of biogeography, and character evolution involving flight-wing loss, modifications of overall body shape, specializations of the cuticle, and body size. Nonetheless, morphological characters provide ambiguous phylogenetic information for a clade comprising 74 species of the radiation. Molecular markers from mitochondrial cytochrome B, mt cytochrome oxidase II, ribosomal introns, and nuclear cytochrome C are used to provide substantially more characters to unambiguously determine phylogenetic relationships. Theoretical issues concerning how to combine disparate sources of phylogenetic data are also investigated; i.e., 1) should gene data be treated on a site by site basis or as a single complex transformational character, and 2) must information from different characters be congruent to produce informative phylogenies. In addition, taxonomic findings--newly discovered species and characters--are summarized in a monographic treatment of the Hawaiian Platynini, permitting interested researchers to identify these species for their biological research.

Deb-9806349利勃海尔根据形态特征的分析，夏威夷棕榈甲虫(鞘翅目)由已知物种组成的单系辐射，所有这些物种都可以从单一的广义祖先派生到最古老的考艾岛，或者是一个更古老的现在被侵蚀的岛屿。这些物种之间的系统发育关系提供了可以评估进化模式的历史背景。这些模式包括生物地理学的模式，以及涉及飞行翅膀丧失、整体体型的改变、角质层的特化和体型大小的特征进化。然而，形态特征为包含74种辐射的分支提供了模棱两可的系统发育信息。来自线粒体细胞色素B、线粒体细胞色素氧化酶II、核糖体内含子和核细胞色素C的分子标记被用来提供更多的特征来明确地确定系统发育关系。关于如何组合不同来源的系统发育数据的理论问题也进行了研究；即，1)基因数据是以逐个地点为基础处理还是作为单个复杂的转化特征来处理，以及2)来自不同特征的信息必须一致才能产生信息丰富的系统发生学。此外，分类学上的发现--新发现的物种和特征--在夏威夷的普拉蒂尼属的专题研究中进行了总结，使感兴趣的研究人员能够为他们的生物学研究识别这些物种。