Molecular Phylogenetics and Revisionary Systematics of Hawaiian Carabid Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera)

DEB-9806349利勃海尔 根据形态特征的分析，夏威夷platynine步甲（鞘翅目）包括一个单系辐射的131个已知的物种，都来自一个单一的广义祖先，要么最古老的高岛考艾岛，或一个古老的现在侵蚀的岛屿。 这些物种之间的系统发育关系提供了历史背景下，进化模式可以进行评估。 这些模式包括昆虫学的模式，以及涉及飞行翅膀丧失、整体体型改变、角质层特化和身体大小的特征进化。 尽管如此，形态特征提供了模糊的系统发育信息的一个分支，包括74种的辐射。 来自线粒体细胞色素B、线粒体细胞色素氧化酶II、核糖体内含子和核细胞色素C的分子标记用于提供更多的特征以明确地确定系统发育关系。 关于如何联合收割机不同来源的系统发育数据的理论问题也进行了研究;即，1)基因数据是否应该在一个位点一个位点的基础上处理，还是作为一个单一的复杂的转化性状来处理，以及2）来自不同性状的信息必须是一致的，以产生信息性的遗传。 此外，分类学研究结果-新发现的物种和特征-在夏威夷扁甲藻的专题治疗中进行了总结，使感兴趣的研究人员能够为他们的生物学研究确定这些物种。

DEB-9806349 Liebherr Based on analysis of morphological characters, the Hawaiian platynine carabid beetles (Coleoptera) comprise a monophyletic radiation of 131 known species, all derivable from a single generalized ancestor to either the oldest high island of Kauai, or an older now eroded island. Phylogenetic relationships among these species provide the historical context within which evolutionary patterns can be evaluated. Such patterns include those of biogeography, and character evolution involving flight-wing loss, modifications of overall body shape, specializations of the cuticle, and body size. Nonetheless, morphological characters provide ambiguous phylogenetic information for a clade comprising 74 species of the radiation. Molecular markers from mitochondrial cytochrome B, mt cytochrome oxidase II, ribosomal introns, and nuclear cytochrome C are used to provide substantially more characters to unambiguously determine phylogenetic relationships. Theoretical issues concerning how to combine disparate sources of phylogenetic data are also investigated; i.e., 1) should gene data be treated on a site by site basis or as a single complex transformational character, and 2) must information from different characters be congruent to produce informative phylogenies. In addition, taxonomic findings--newly discovered species and characters--are summarized in a monographic treatment of the Hawaiian Platynini, permitting interested researchers to identify these species for their biological research.