U.S - Russia- Mongolia Joint Collaborative Research: Paternal Population Structure and History in North and Central Asia

摘要OPP-9806759 Hammer，Michael Karafet，亚利桑那州塔蒂亚纳大学的Michael Karafet在遗传学中，对母系(MtDNA)、父系(Y染色体)或双亲遗传的谱系的研究，可以为人类历史提供不同的见解。这个项目的重点是亚洲人群中Y染色体的非重组部分，以揭示亚洲境内的古代迁徙和向世界其他地区的迁徙。研究人员将继续对14个西伯利亚原住民进行Y染色体调查，并首次详细研究12个蒙古族原住民的遗传变异。Y染色体数据还将从14个西亚-中亚、东亚和中北部中国人口中收集。结合类似的全球数据，这些信息将被用于(1)构建Y染色体单倍型；(2)测量群体内和群体间变异成分的水平；(3)从男性谱系的角度建立这些群体之间的遗传关系；(4)建立系统发育树，显示当代Y单倍型如何从祖先单倍型进化而来；(5)估计到最近共同祖先Y染色体的时间和单倍型树中个体突变的年龄；以及(6)进行统计测试，以确定单倍型和地理之间的关联。合并后的数据将被用来解决关于北亚最初人口的年表、其古人类人口的性质、从亚洲到欧洲和新大陆的起源和迁徙模式以及亚洲回到非洲的迁徙的一些假设。

Abstract OPP-9806759 Hammer, Michael Karafet, Tatiana University of Arizona Within genetics, the study of lineages that are inherited maternally (mtDNA), paternally (Y chromosomes), or biparentally, can offer different insights into human history. This project focuses on the non-recombining portion of the Y chromosome in Asian populations to shed light on ancient migrations within Asia and movements to the rest of the world. The investigators will continue Y chromosome surveys in 14 native Siberian populations and perform the first detailed study of genetic variation in 12 indigenous Mongolian groups. Y chromosome data will also be collected from 14 West-Central Asian, East Asian, and North-Central Chinese populations. In combination with similar global data, this information will be used to (1) construct Y chromosome haplotypes; (2) measure levels of intra- and inter-group components of variation; (3) establish genetic relationships among these populations from the perspective of male lineages; (4) build a phylogenetic tree that shows how contemporary Y haplotypes evolved from ancestral ones; (5) estimate the time to the most recent common ancestral Y chromosome and the ages of individual mutations in the haplotype tree; and (6) perform statistical tests to identify associations between haplotypes and geography. The combined data will be used to address a number of hypotheses regarding the chronology of the initial peopling of northern Asia, the nature of its ancient human populations, the origins and migration patterns from Asia to Europe and the New World, and an Asian back-to-Africa migration.