U.S - Russia- Mongolia Joint Collaborative Research: Paternal Population Structure and History in North and Central Asia

摘要 亚利桑那大学Tatiana分校 在遗传学中，对母系（mtDNA）、父系（Y染色体）或双亲遗传的谱系的研究可以为人类历史提供不同的见解。 该项目的重点是亚洲人群中Y染色体的非重组部分，以揭示亚洲内部的古代迁徙和向世界其他地区的迁移。 研究人员将继续对14个西伯利亚土著群体进行Y染色体调查，并对12个蒙古土著群体的遗传变异进行首次详细研究。 还将从14个中西亚洲、东亚和中北部中国人群中收集Y染色体数据。 结合类似的全球数据，这些信息将用于：（1）构建Y染色体单倍型;（2）测量组内和组间变异成分的水平;（3）从男性谱系的角度建立这些人群之间的遗传关系;（4）构建系统发育树，显示当代Y单倍型是如何从祖先单倍型进化而来的;（5）估计到最近的共同祖先Y染色体的时间和单倍型树中个体突变的年龄;以及（6）进行统计学检验以鉴定单倍型和地理之间的关联。 合并后的数据将用于解决若干假设，这些假设涉及北方亚洲最初人口的年代、古代人口的性质、从亚洲到欧洲和新大陆的起源和移徙模式，以及亚洲人返回非洲的移徙。

Abstract OPP-9806759 Hammer, Michael Karafet, Tatiana University of Arizona Within genetics, the study of lineages that are inherited maternally (mtDNA), paternally (Y chromosomes), or biparentally, can offer different insights into human history. This project focuses on the non-recombining portion of the Y chromosome in Asian populations to shed light on ancient migrations within Asia and movements to the rest of the world. The investigators will continue Y chromosome surveys in 14 native Siberian populations and perform the first detailed study of genetic variation in 12 indigenous Mongolian groups. Y chromosome data will also be collected from 14 West-Central Asian, East Asian, and North-Central Chinese populations. In combination with similar global data, this information will be used to (1) construct Y chromosome haplotypes; (2) measure levels of intra- and inter-group components of variation; (3) establish genetic relationships among these populations from the perspective of male lineages; (4) build a phylogenetic tree that shows how contemporary Y haplotypes evolved from ancestral ones; (5) estimate the time to the most recent common ancestral Y chromosome and the ages of individual mutations in the haplotype tree; and (6) perform statistical tests to identify associations between haplotypes and geography. The combined data will be used to address a number of hypotheses regarding the chronology of the initial peopling of northern Asia, the nature of its ancient human populations, the origins and migration patterns from Asia to Europe and the New World, and an Asian back-to-Africa migration.