Photosynthetic Acclimation, Carbohydrate Signaling and Molecular Control of Gene Expression in Response to Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

大气二氧化碳浓度升高的光合适应、碳水化合物信号传导和基因表达的分子控制

• 批准号: 9808753
• 负责人: Jeffrey Seemann
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9808753&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Photosynthetic; Acclimation; Carbohydrate; Signaling; Molecular

Seemann 9808753 Since the start of the industrial revolution, the concentration of C02 in the earth's atmosphere has risen by approximately 30%, primarily as a result of fossil fuel combustion and land-use changes, and is conservatively projected to double by the end of the 21st century. Photosynthesis, the major physiological process in the biosphere and the only biological process that removes a significant amount of C02 from the atmosphere, is itself extremely sensitive to C02 concentration. In the short term (hours to days) following exposure to 21st century C02 concentrations, the rate of photosynthesis is substantially increased, but in the long term (days to weeks) it may be significantly reduced as a result of an "acclimation" of photosynthesis, a process characterized by a reduction in the level of components of the photosynthetic apparatus. This acclimation phenomenon will have significant effects on both the global carbon cycle and ecosystem structure and function, but its biochemical and molecular basis are poorly understood. Furthermore, plant species may differ substantially in the extent that they may acclimate photosynthetic capacity to elevated atmospheric C02. The objectives of this research project are to: (1) understand the biochemical pathway(s) by which plants sense elevated C02 and signal changes in the expression of genes for photosynthesis; (2) identify the molecular mechanisms that in fact alter gene expression and consequently photosynthesis at elevated C02; and (3) determine the biochemical and molecular bases for species differences in photosynthetic acclimation to elevated C02,

Seemann 9808753 自工业革命开始以来，地球大气中的CO2浓度已经上升了大约30%，这主要是由于化石燃料燃烧和土地利用变化，并且保守地预测到21世纪末将翻一番。 世纪。 光合作用是生物圈中的主要生理过程，也是从大气中去除大量CO2的唯一生物过程，其本身对CO2浓度极其敏感。在暴露于21世纪世纪CO2浓度后的短期内（数小时至数天），光合作用的速率显著增加，但在长期内（数天至数周），由于光合作用的“适应”，光合作用的速率可能显著降低，所述“适应”是一种特征在于光合器官的组分水平降低的过程。这种驯化现象将对全球碳循环和生态系统的结构和功能产生重大影响，但其生物化学和分子基础却知之甚少。此外，植物物种可以在它们可以使光合能力适应升高的大气CO2的程度上显著不同。该研究项目的目标是：（1）理解植物感知升高的CO2和光合作用基因表达的信号变化的生物化学途径;（2）鉴定在升高的CO2下实际上改变基因表达并因此改变光合作用的分子机制;以及（3）确定物种在对升高的CO2的光合适应中的差异的生物化学和分子基础，