Doctoral Dissertation Research: Voice and Honorifics in K'iche'-Spanish Language Change

最近的文献认为，语言形式和这些形式的社会语言学分布是由语言意识形态介导的，语言的变化在很大程度上是语言的社会使用和社会结构之间动态互动的结果。 这里的研究将丰富这一观点，系统地考虑使用相关的语法，词汇和形态特征在K 'iche'玛雅的社会文化层面，通过其以前未经审查的敬语寄存器现象。 语言的社会使用在敬语语域中最为明显，敬语语域是语言形式、代词、名词或其他语言手段的约定化同现，表明对被称呼者的顺从或尊重。 词汇、语法和形态手段用来表示对所指对象、受指对象或旁观者的尊重或顺从。 玛雅语的几个变种有两套完整的第二人称代词，在形式上有所不同，还有两个前缀分别用于男性和女性的专有名称之前。 此外，K 'iche的一些方言中的敬称似乎以有趣的方式涉及语音系统。 这项研究旨在确定如何以及在何种程度上复制在地方一级的社会语言学关系之间的玛雅语和西班牙语，通过逐步的，务实的驱动更换，可能会发生。由于西班牙语是危地马拉的国语，而基切语社区现在各种双语，敬语是语际语用（功能）重叠的一个点，并作为基切语-西班牙语变化的重要中介寄存器。

Recent literature has argued that linguistic form and the sociolinguistic distribution of these forms are mediated by linguistic ideology, and that linguistic change is largely a result of a dynamic interaction between the social use of language and social structures. The research here will enrich this view by systematically considering the sociocultural dimensions of use of interrelated grammatical, lexical and morphological features in K'iche' Maya, through its previously unexamined honorific register phenomena. The social use of language is nowhere more apparent than in honorific registers -- conventionalized cooccurrences of linguistic forms, pronouns, nouns or other linguistic devices which index deference or respect towards the person addressed. Lexical, grammatical and morphological means are used to index respect or deference to referent, addressee or bystander. Several varieties of K'iche' Maya have two full sets of second person pronouns that differ in formality, as well as two prefixes used before proper names of males and females, respectively. In addition, honorification in some dialects of K'iche' appears to involve the voice system in interesting ways. The research seeks to determine how and to what extent a replication at the local level of the sociolinguistic relationship between Mayan and Spanish, by means of gradual, pragmatically-driven replacement, may be occurring. Since Spanish is the national language of Guatemala, and K'iche' speaking communities are now variously bilingual, honorifics are a point of interlingual pragmatic (functional) overlap and serve as an important mediating register for K'iche' - Spanish language change.