Doctoral Dissertation Research: Voice and Honorifics in K'iche'-Spanish Language Change

最近的文献认为，语言形式和这些形式的社会语言分布是由语言意识形态调节的，语言变化在很大程度上是语言的社会使用和社会结构之间动态互动的结果。本文的研究将通过系统地考察K‘iche’Maya中相关的语法、词汇和形态特征的使用的社会文化维度，通过其以前未被研究的敬语语域现象来丰富这一观点。语言的社会用途在敬语语域中最为明显--语言形式、代词、名词或其他语言手段的常规并存，表示对所说人的顺从或尊重。词汇、语法和词法手段用来表示对所指对象、受话人或旁观者的尊重或尊重。K‘iche’Maya的几个变种有两套完整的第二人称代词，它们在形式上不同，并且有两个前缀，分别用于男性和女性的专有名称之前。此外，K‘iche’某些方言中的敬语似乎以有趣的方式涉及到语音系统。这项研究试图确定玛雅人和西班牙语之间的社会语言关系如何以及在多大程度上可以通过循序渐进的语用驱动的替代在地方一级复制。由于西班牙语是危地马拉的国语，而说K‘iche语的社区现在有各种不同的双语，敬语是语际语用(功能)重叠点，是K’iche‘-西班牙语语言变化的重要调停语域。

Recent literature has argued that linguistic form and the sociolinguistic distribution of these forms are mediated by linguistic ideology, and that linguistic change is largely a result of a dynamic interaction between the social use of language and social structures. The research here will enrich this view by systematically considering the sociocultural dimensions of use of interrelated grammatical, lexical and morphological features in K'iche' Maya, through its previously unexamined honorific register phenomena. The social use of language is nowhere more apparent than in honorific registers -- conventionalized cooccurrences of linguistic forms, pronouns, nouns or other linguistic devices which index deference or respect towards the person addressed. Lexical, grammatical and morphological means are used to index respect or deference to referent, addressee or bystander. Several varieties of K'iche' Maya have two full sets of second person pronouns that differ in formality, as well as two prefixes used before proper names of males and females, respectively. In addition, honorification in some dialects of K'iche' appears to involve the voice system in interesting ways. The research seeks to determine how and to what extent a replication at the local level of the sociolinguistic relationship between Mayan and Spanish, by means of gradual, pragmatically-driven replacement, may be occurring. Since Spanish is the national language of Guatemala, and K'iche' speaking communities are now variously bilingual, honorifics are a point of interlingual pragmatic (functional) overlap and serve as an important mediating register for K'iche' - Spanish language change.