Doctoral Dissertation Research: Human mobility and infectious disease transmission in the context of market integration

从自给自足到以市场为基础的生计(市场一体化)的转变正在迅速改变人类健康。许多关于市场一体化和健康的研究都强调从传染病向慢性非传染性疾病的转变。然而，土地利用的快速变化与向商业性农业的转变同时发生，使农村/低资源社区处于新发和再次出现的传染病的最前线。因此，至关重要的是建立关于经济市场如何将农村社区与更多中心城镇联系起来的知识，有可能促进局部疫情在区域(甚至全球)范围内的传播。这项博士论文研究有助于在当地和区域范围内对市场一体化、人类活动模式和传染病传播之间的相互作用的基础知识做出贡献。这项研究可以与主要利益攸关方和公共卫生决策者分享，并通过对学生进行网络分析方法培训，帮助建设当地的研究能力。在最有可能出现新的传染病的农村/低资源环境中，人类的流动模式很复杂。该项目使用前沿的计算和血清学方法，对社会变化如何改变疾病生态有了更丰富的理解。调查人员使用详细的个人层面出行行为调查数据，构建了通过流动模式连接起来的乡镇区域网络。这个网络为进行计算机模拟提供了基础，以了解与市场相关的活动的变化如何影响传染病的区域传播。调查人员还使用血清学分析来量化个人水平对各种病毒的接触，这为市场一体化如何影响人们接触的病毒类型以及它们如何在社区中传播提供了洞察。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The transition from subsistence to market-based livelihoods (market integration) is quickly transforming human health. Much of the research on market integration and health has emphasized the shift away from infectious diseases to chronic, non-communicable ones. However, rapid changes in land use that co-occur with shifts to commercial agriculture position rural/low-resource communities at the frontlines of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. It is thus vital to build knowledge of how economic markets connect rural communities with more central towns, potentially facilitating the spread of a local outbreak to a regional (or even global) scale. This doctoral dissertation research contributes to fundamental knowledge on the interactions between market integration, human movement patterns, and infectious disease transmission in local and regional contexts. This research can be shared with key stakeholders and public health decision makers and help build local research capacity through the training of students in network analysis methods. Human movement patterns are complex among the rural/low-resource settings where novel infectious diseases are most likely to emerge. This project uses leading-edge computational and serological methods to develop a richer understanding of how social change transforms disease ecology. The investigators use detailed survey data on individual-level travel behavior to construct a regional network of villages and towns connected by mobility patterns. This network provides a foundation for conducting computer simulations to understand how changes in market-related activities affect the regional spread of infectious diseases. The investigators also use serological assays to quantify individual-level exposure to a diverse range of viruses, which provides insight into how market integration influences the types of viruses people are exposed to and how they spread among communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.