Science and Citizen Participation in Fisheries Management

渔业管理中的科学和公民参与

• 批准号: 9810100
• 负责人: Bonnie McCay
• 金额: $ 13.68万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-07-01 至 2001-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9810100&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Science; Citizen; Participation; Fisheries; Management

This empirical research will add to our understanding of the relationship between-science, environmental policy, and public participation. Using a meso-level approach in the context of marine fisheries management, the investigators examine how science, and claims about scientific-credibility, are used within large, but still defined, communities of stakeholders.-- Many federal fisheries management-plans exist and informative comparisons among them can be made. The research will tap in to an ongoing-debate about what constitutes good fisheries data and how such data should be used, and builds upon-previous research on stakeholder participation in marine fisheries management decisions.-- It uses key informant interviews, a telephone survey, case studies, and document analysis, to examine (1) how the level of overall scientific certainty about an issue affects participant claims about scientific credibility, (2) what patterns can be discerned in how participants gather and use scientific information, and (3) how legal mandates about scientific issues affect the use of scientific data and claims about credibility. Key informant interviews will include fisheries-scientists and other participants in fisheries management, scientists and other personnel-working for federally mandated regional councils and commissions and state-level agencies, and fishers from the-commercial and recreational sectors. Respondents will be asked about their use of scientific information-and their opinions about how such information should be used. In interviews of scientists, investigators will ask about-how specific legal mandates affect the way they use data and make scientific decisions.--The telephone survey of a random selection of participants in public meetings and hearings will test-hypotheses, generated from the key informant interviews, about how institutional and professional-affiliations, and class and sectoral interests, affect perceptions of how science should be used. The case studies of the management of lobster, bluefish, and summer flounder will involve three-major methods: 1) participant observation of fisheries management-procedures; 2) in-depth interviews with participants from different agencies and stakeholder groups;-and 3) archival research on documents from fisheries management agencies and other sources.--The final project component studies a sample of federal fisheries management plans to make both qualitative and-quantitative comparisons of 75 species under effort-based-management from around the United States. Using publicly available documents, the investigators will assess both the-certainty of the science on which the plan is built and the type of challenges to that science that have been-made in public fora, to test the hypothesis that more certain science leads to fewer public challenges-to that science.-

这项实证研究将增加我们对科学、环境政策和公众参与之间关系的理解。 在海洋渔业管理的背景下使用中观层次的方法，调查人员研究了科学和关于科学可信度的主张如何在大型但仍然定义的利益相关者社区中使用。存在许多联邦渔业管理计划，可以在它们之间进行信息比较。这项研究将利用关于什么是良好的渔业数据以及如何使用这些数据的持续辩论，并建立在以前关于利益相关者参与海洋渔业管理决策的研究基础上。它使用关键的知情人访谈，电话调查，案例研究和文件分析，以检查（1）如何对一个问题的整体科学确定性的水平影响参与者的科学可信度的索赔，（2）什么样的模式可以看出，在参与者如何收集和使用科学信息，（3）如何法律的授权的科学问题影响科学数据的使用和可信度的索赔。 关键的信息访谈将包括渔业管理的科学家和其他参与者，科学家和其他人员，为联邦授权的区域理事会和委员会以及州一级机构工作，以及来自商业和娱乐部门的渔民。 受访者将被问及他们对科学信息的使用情况以及他们对如何使用这些信息的看法。在对科学家的采访中，调查人员会问具体的法律的规定如何影响他们使用数据和做出科学决策的方式。对公众会议和听证会参与者的随机选择的电话调查将测试假设，从关键的知情人访谈中产生，关于机构和专业隶属关系，阶级和部门利益如何影响科学应该如何使用的看法。龙虾、蓝鱼和夏比目鱼管理的案例研究将涉及三种主要方法：1）参与者观察渔业管理程序; 2）与来自不同机构和利益相关者团体的参与者进行深入访谈; 3）对渔业管理机构和其他来源的文件进行档案研究。项目的最后一个组成部分是研究联邦渔业管理计划的一个样本，对美国各地基于努力的管理下的75个物种进行定性和定量比较。使用公开可用的文件，调查人员将评估该计划所依据的科学的确定性以及在公共论坛上对该科学提出的挑战类型，以测试更确定的科学导致更少的公共挑战的假设。