LT: Economic and Optimization Analyses of the Reuse of Traditional Waste Materials

LT：传统废料再利用的经济性和优化分析

• 批准号: 9814551
• 负责人: Christopher Swan
• 金额: $ 4.96万
• 依托单位: Tufts University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-15 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9814551&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LT; Economic; Optimization; Analyses; Reuse

9814551 Swan The objective of this research is to evaluate factors that effect the reuse/recycling of traditional waste products. Industrial manufacturing can be simplified into a set of processes that utilize, directly or indirectly, material resources to create final products. Waste materials are inevitably produced and these wastes must be handled and properly disposed of. For many environmentally inert materials, this final material management strategy is highly inefficient and simply results in disposal in landfills. The most efficient ecosystem would be one which optimizes its various interacting components (such as material, manufacturing and waste management processes) so as to minimize raw material use and waste generation, in part by maximizing the reuse and recycling of spent materials. The research is divided into two complimentary components. The first will analyze, on a generic level, how making a "waste" from the production or use of a product into a "resource" in the production of a new product (1) affects the local and global optimization of the manufacturing processes associated with both the original and new products, and (2) creates new economic linkages associated with the production of the new product as well as modifies those linkages associated with the original product. The research will analyze both the direct and indirect economic impacts, and specifically investigate how the optimization of production activities changes when post-process wastes are re-categorized as raw materials for production of other products. The second component will apply these analyses to the case of recently-developed, synthetic construction aggregates developed from two, traditionally large-quantity, waste materials: coal-combustion fly-ash and recoverable waste plastics. The research will lead to the development of an engineering tool for economic evaluation of new and innovative construction materials, thus providing a stronger rationale for their use as alternative materials. This grant is made pursuant to the joint NSF/Lucent Technologies Industrial Ecology Research Fellowships Program 1998.

9814551天鹅本研究的目的是评估影响传统废品再利用/回收的因素。 工业制造可以简化为一系列直接或间接利用材料资源来制造最终产品的过程。 不可避免地会产生废料，这些废料必须得到妥善处理和处置。 对于许多环境惰性材料，这种最终材料管理策略效率极低，只会导致在垃圾填埋场处置。 最有效率的生态系统将是一个优化其各种相互作用的组成部分（如材料，制造和废物管理过程），以尽量减少原材料的使用和废物的产生，部分是通过最大限度地重复使用和回收废料。 这项研究分为两个相辅相成的部分。 第一个将在一般层面上分析如何将产品生产或使用中的“废物”转化为新产品生产中的“资源”（1）影响与原始产品和新产品相关的制造过程的局部和全局优化，以及（2）创建与新产品的生产相关的新的经济联系，以及修改与原始产品相关的那些联系。 该研究将分析直接和间接的经济影响，并具体调查当后处理废物重新分类为生产其他产品的原材料时，生产活动的优化如何变化。 第二部分将把这些分析应用到最近开发的合成建筑骨料的案例中，这些骨料是从两种传统上大量的废料中开发出来的：燃煤飞灰和可回收的废塑料。 这项研究将导致开发一种工程工具，用于对新的和创新的建筑材料进行经济评估，从而为将其用作替代材料提供更有力的理由。 这项资助是根据1998年NSF/朗讯科技工业生态学研究奖学金计划联合提供的。