Sea-Salt Aqueous Phase SO2 Oxidation: Contribution to Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) Sulfur Budgets

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The focus of this project is to determine the contribution of the oxidation of sulfur in sea salt aerosols to the atmospheric sulfur budget in the remote marine boundary layer. In order to distinguish this process from cloud processing, aerosol samples will be collected at Baring Head, New Zealand - a site where persistent cloud-free conditions are frequently observed. Bulk aerosol ion composition as well as individual particle elemental measurements will be performed. A technique will be developed to determine the size-dependent buffering capacity of ambient sea salt aerosols. It is hypothesized that this buffering capacity is higher than that of bulk seawater because of the presence of biogenic calcium carbonate in the surface microlayer. A higher buffering capacity would affect the highly pH-dependent oxidation of sulfur dioxide by ozone, leading to increased oxidation.