Hawaiian Plume Structure and Magmatic Processer Revealed by Submarine Landslides on Manuna Loa Volcano, Hawaii

P.I.：RhodesProposal编号：98-18744机构：马萨诸塞州大学地幔热柱的解剖和其中的熔融过程尽管有许多尝试进行研究，但仍然是一个谜和有争议的问题。理解羽流的主要障碍是我们过去对它们进行研究的二维方法。在莫纳罗亚山两侧发现的巨型山体滑坡，为在第三维空间采集羽流过程的产物提供了机会。这项研究将把我们对世界上最大的火山莫纳罗亚火山的岩浆历史的知识扩大20万年，应该会为热点火山的发展提供基本的见解，并澄清关于夏威夷羽流结构和动力学的长期争议。我们还将检验以下假设：夏威夷火山起源于1亿年来喷发的一些最热的岩浆，大洋岛火山主要由碎屑熔岩组成，而不是枕状熔岩(这对所有大洋岛屿的地质灾害都有影响)。

P.I.: RhodesProposal Number: 98-18744 Institution: University of MassachusettsThe anatomy of mantle plumes, and melting processes within them, remain enigmatic and controversial issues despite numerous attempts to investigate them. The main obstacle to understanding plumes has been our past two-dimensional approach in examining them. The discovery of giant landslides on the flanks of Mauna Loa provides an opportunity to sample the products of plume processes in the third dimension. This study will extend our knowledge of the magmatic history Mauna Loa's, the world's largest volcano, by -200,000 years, should provide fundamental insights into the development of hotspot-generated volcanoes and clafify longstanding controversies concerning the structure and dynamics of the Hawaiian plume. We will also examine the following hypotheses: Hawaiian volcanoes were derived from some of the hottest magmas erupted in 100 million years and oceanic island volcanoes are dominantly comprised of fragmental lava rather than pillow lava (which has implications for the geologic hazards on all oceanic islands).