Theoretical Nuclear Physics

重核的碰撞被加速到高能量，使得在实验室中产生高激发、大压缩、质子和中子数明显不同的核物质成为可能。了解在这种极端条件下核物质的性质不仅本身很有趣，而且对我们理解超新星爆炸、中子星性质、核合成和早期宇宙演化等天体物理现象也很有用。在这个提议中，将使用各种理论模型来研究这种物质的性质。此外，我们将继续发展一个相对论输运模型来描述重离子碰撞动力学的时空演化，包括热致密物质的预测性质，质子和中子之间的不同行为，以及核子的夸克-胶子子结构。该输运模型将有助于研究现有加速器和布鲁克海文国家实验室正在建造的相对论重离子对撞机以及正在提议的放射性束流设施上的重离子碰撞。将理论预测与实验观察相比较，将使我们能够提取出以前不知道的有关核物质性质的信息。

9870038KoCollisions of heavy nuclei that are accelerated to high energies make it possible to create in the laboratory a nuclear matter with high excitation, large compression, and appreciable difference in the proton and neutron numbers. Knowledge of the properties of nuclear matter under such extreme conditions is not only interesting in itself but also useful in our understanding of astrophysical phenomena such as supernova explosions, neutron star properties, nuclear synthesis, and the evolution of early universe. In this proposal, various theoretical models will be used to study the properties of such a matter. Also, we shall continue to develop a relativistic transport model to describe the space-time evolution of heavy ion collision dynamics by including the predicted properties of hot dense matter, the different behavior between protons and neutrons, and the quark-gluon substructure of the nucleon. The transport model will be useful for studying heavy ion collisions at both existing accelerators and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider being constructed at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, as well as the Radioactive Beam Facility that is being proposed. Comparing the theoretical predictions with the experimental observations will allow us to extract information on nuclear matter properties that have not been known before.