Theoretical Nuclear Physics

理论核物理

• 批准号: 9870054
• 负责人: Siu Chin
• 金额: $ 14.07万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-07-15 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9870054&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Theoretical; Nuclear; Physics

9870054ChinThe goal of this proposal is to study the dynamics of a variety of quantum systems ranging from a dense gas of very hot pions, to that of an extremely cold, Bose-Einstein condensed, atomic vapor. The common denominator of these systems is that they all obey the Bose-Einstein statistics and can be simulated numerically using very efficient, newly developed algorithms by this investigator. The importance of these studies is that they can tell us how matter behaves under very extreme circumstances. In the case of pions, which are created in ultra high energy collisions of large nuclei, such as gold or uranium, their collective excitations reveal ways in which a basic symmetry of nature is restored at high tempearature. Such a high temperature occurs nowhere else naturally except during the early Big-Bang formation of the universe. In Bose-Einstein condensations, a single quantum state is occupied by a macroscopic number of particles. Thus the very fine details of a quantum state can be magnified a million-billion-billion times. The exploitation of this occupation can in principle be used to make exceedingly high precision measurments.

这个提议的目标是研究各种量子系统的动力学，从非常热的介子的致密气体到极冷的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的原子蒸气。这些系统的共同点是它们都服从玻色-爱因斯坦统计，并且可以使用非常有效的新开发的算法进行数值模拟。这些研究的重要性在于，它们可以告诉我们物质在非常极端的情况下是如何表现的。就介子而言，它们是在金或铀等大核子的超高能碰撞中产生的，它们的集体激发揭示了在高温下恢复自然的基本对称性的方法。如此高的温度除了在宇宙大爆炸形成的早期阶段外，没有其他任何自然的地方会发生。在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中，单个量子态被宏观数量的粒子占据。因此，量子态的非常精细的细节可以被放大一万亿倍。利用这一职业原则上可以用来进行极高精度的测量。