Survey of Terrestrial Mollusca and Diplopoda (Millipedes) of Jamaica

牙买加陆生软体动物和双足类（千足虫）调查

• 批准号: 9870233
• 负责人: Gary Rosenberg
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-15 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9870233&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Survey; Terrestrial; Mollusca; Diplopoda; Millipedes

9870233 Rosenberg The terrestrial mollusk and millipede faunas of Jamaica will be intensively sampled, along with other soil and leaf litter invertebrates. About 550 described species of snails and slugs are recorded from Jamaica, of which 505 (92%) are endemic, occurring nowhere else in the world. About 52 described species of millipedes are recorded, of which 48 (92%) are endemic. The mollusk fauna of Jamaica is as diverse as any in the world, and it is largely extant, unlike the mostly extinct terrestrial mollusk faunas of oceanic islands in the Pacific. Although less than 20% of the original forest cover of Jamaica remains, and deforestation continues, patches of forest survive in many areas too rugged for agriculture, and secondary forest has also grown in many abandoned plantations. Even among Jamaican birds and reptiles, only a few species have gone extinct, so it may still be possible to sample a large portion of the island's original invertebrate fauna; however, the window of opportunity is rapidly disappearing. Collections resulting from this research should at least double the millipede fauna and increase the mollusk fauna by around 25%. Other invertebrates will be made available to specialists who have agreed to study Coleoptera (beetles), Orthoptera (crickets, cockroaches), Hymenoptera (ants), Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, pseudoscorpions) and Onychophora (peripatus). Residues from sorting will be preserved for further processing for Acari (mites), Collembola (springtails), etc. The proposed research will be the most extensive sampling of invertebrates ever performed in Jamaica, with 180 field days over three years. Sampling methods will include hand picking, leaf litter and soil sampling, and pitfall trapping. An estimated 1,000,000 specimens will be collected, including 14,000 lots of mollusks (sorted to species) and 14,000 lots of arthropods (sorted more or less to ordinal level). Hundreds of new species are likely to be discovered. Knowledge of species-level biodiversity and site-specific ecological data will provide a baseline for future researchers studying systematics and evolution, faunal distribution patterns, factors influencing diversity, and conservation and restoration biology. Collection data for all material will be published on WWW, as will distribution maps and identification guides for all known species of Jamaican terrestrial mollusks, and lists of other Jamaican terrestrial invertebrates.

9870233罗森博格牙买加的陆生软体动物和千足动物动物群将与其他土壤和落叶无脊椎动物一起进行密集采样。牙买加记录了大约550种被描述的蜗牛和鼻涕虫，其中505种(92%)是特有的，在世界其他地方没有出现过。记录了约52种已描述的千足虫，其中48种(92%)为特有种。牙买加的软体动物区系与世界上的软体动物区系一样多种多样，而且基本上已经灭绝，不像太平洋岛屿上几乎灭绝的陆生软体动物区系。尽管牙买加只剩下不到20%的原始森林覆盖率，森林砍伐仍在继续，但在许多过于崎岖而不适合农业的地区，成片的森林幸存下来，许多废弃的种植园也生长了次生林。即使在牙买加的鸟类和爬行动物中，也只有几个物种灭绝了，所以仍然有可能对岛上的大部分原始无脊椎动物进行采样；然而，机会之窗正在迅速消失。这项研究的结果应该至少是千足类动物群的两倍，并使软体动物动物群增加约25%。其他无脊椎动物将提供给同意研究鞘翅目(甲虫)、直翅目(蟋蟀、蟑螂)、膜翅目(蚂蚁)、蜘蛛纲(蜘蛛、蝎子、伪蝎子)和黑背天牛(环斑)的专家。分拣后的残留物将被保存下来，以供进一步加工，以供螨类(螨类)、弹尾目(弹尾类)等。拟议的研究将是牙买加有史以来对无脊椎动物进行的最广泛的抽样，三年内有180个野外日。抽样方法包括手工采摘、落叶和土壤抽样，以及陷阱诱捕法。预计将收集100万份标本，包括1.4万批软体动物(按物种分类)和1.4万批节肢动物(或多或少按顺序分类)。可能会发现数以百计的新物种。物种水平的生物多样性和特定地点的生态数据的知识将为未来的研究人员提供基线，研究系统学和进化、区系分布模式、影响多样性的因素以及保护和恢复生物学。所有材料的收集数据将在WWW上公布，牙买加陆地软体动物所有已知物种的分布图和识别指南以及牙买加其他陆地无脊椎动物的名单也将公布。