Survey of Terrestrial Mollusca and Diplopoda (Millipedes) of Jamaica

牙买加陆生软体动物和双足类（千足虫）调查

• 批准号: 9870233
• 负责人: Gary Rosenberg
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-15 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9870233&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Survey; Terrestrial; Mollusca; Diplopoda; Millipedes

9870233 Rosenberg The terrestrial mollusk and millipede faunas of Jamaica will be intensively sampled, along with other soil and leaf litter invertebrates. About 550 described species of snails and slugs are recorded from Jamaica, of which 505 (92%) are endemic, occurring nowhere else in the world. About 52 described species of millipedes are recorded, of which 48 (92%) are endemic. The mollusk fauna of Jamaica is as diverse as any in the world, and it is largely extant, unlike the mostly extinct terrestrial mollusk faunas of oceanic islands in the Pacific. Although less than 20% of the original forest cover of Jamaica remains, and deforestation continues, patches of forest survive in many areas too rugged for agriculture, and secondary forest has also grown in many abandoned plantations. Even among Jamaican birds and reptiles, only a few species have gone extinct, so it may still be possible to sample a large portion of the island's original invertebrate fauna; however, the window of opportunity is rapidly disappearing. Collections resulting from this research should at least double the millipede fauna and increase the mollusk fauna by around 25%. Other invertebrates will be made available to specialists who have agreed to study Coleoptera (beetles), Orthoptera (crickets, cockroaches), Hymenoptera (ants), Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, pseudoscorpions) and Onychophora (peripatus). Residues from sorting will be preserved for further processing for Acari (mites), Collembola (springtails), etc. The proposed research will be the most extensive sampling of invertebrates ever performed in Jamaica, with 180 field days over three years. Sampling methods will include hand picking, leaf litter and soil sampling, and pitfall trapping. An estimated 1,000,000 specimens will be collected, including 14,000 lots of mollusks (sorted to species) and 14,000 lots of arthropods (sorted more or less to ordinal level). Hundreds of new species are likely to be discovered. Knowledge of species-level biodiversity and site-specific ecological data will provide a baseline for future researchers studying systematics and evolution, faunal distribution patterns, factors influencing diversity, and conservation and restoration biology. Collection data for all material will be published on WWW, as will distribution maps and identification guides for all known species of Jamaican terrestrial mollusks, and lists of other Jamaican terrestrial invertebrates.

9870233 Rosenberg 对牙买加的陆地软体动物和千足虫动物群以及其他土壤和落叶层无脊椎动物进行集中采样。牙买加记录了大约 550 种蜗牛和蛞蝓，其中 505 种（92%）是特有的，在世界其他地方没有出现。据记载，大约有 52 种千足虫，其中 48 种（92%）是当地特有的。 牙买加的软体动物群与世界上任何一个国家一样多样化，而且大部分都现存，这与太平洋岛屿上大部分已灭绝的陆地软体动物群不同。尽管牙买加的原始森林覆盖率仅剩不到 20%，而且森林砍伐仍在继续，但在许多过于崎岖不适合农业的地区仍保留着片片森林，许多废弃的种植园中也长出了次生林。即使在牙买加的鸟类和爬行动物中，也只有少数物种已经灭绝，因此仍有可能对岛上大部分原始无脊椎动物群进行采样；然而，机会之窗正在迅速消失。 这项研究的收集结果应使千足虫动物群数量至少增加一倍，软体动物动物群数量增加约 25%。其他无脊椎动物将提供给同意研究鞘翅目（甲虫）、直翅目（蟋蟀、蟑螂）、膜翅目（蚂蚁）、蛛形纲（蜘蛛、蝎子、伪蝎）和甲虫（peripatus）的专家。分选残留物将被保存下来，用于进一步处理螨虫、弹尾虫等。拟议的研究将是牙买加有史以来进行的最广泛的无脊椎动物采样，为期三年，为期 180 个实地日。采样方法包括手工采摘、落叶和土壤采样以及陷阱捕捉。预计将收集 1,000,000 个标本，包括 14,000 批软体动物（按物种分类）和 14,000 批节肢动物（或多或少按序数水平分类）。可能会发现数百个新物种。 物种级生物多样性和特定地点生态数据的知识将为未来研究人员研究系统学和进化、动物区系分布模式、影响多样性的因素以及保护和恢复生物学提供基线。所有材料的收集数据以及牙买加所有已知陆生软体动物物种的分布图和识别指南以及其他牙买加陆生无脊椎动物的清单都将在 WWW 上发布。