POWRE: A Comparative Analysis of the Role of Elections in Democratic Transitions

POWRE：选举在民主转型中的作用的比较分析

• 批准号: 9870503
• 负责人: Regina Smyth
• 金额: $ 9.8万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9870503&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: POWRE; Comparative; Analysis; Role; Elections

This is a study of the role of elections in democratic transitions. Specifically, the investigator wishes to look at how the process of repeated elections affected the progress of democratization in the Russian Federation. Her research will explain national-level electoral outcomes (party organizations and aggregate vote totals) in terms of individual-level factors. Using data she is developing from a survey of Russian candidates for national parliamentary office from 1989 to 1999, she will test propositions on ambition theory, party formation, and the political implications of election laws. This project has implications beyond the study of democratization and elections in Russia. Elections have been an important element in many democratic transitions. Yet the relationship between electoral competition and democratic consolidation is not well understood. In addition, a number of regimes, from Japan to Hungary, have recently adopted mixed electoral systems to govern their electoral process. The investigator agues that the effects of these institutions are not consistent with expectations based on conventional theoretical frameworks. Her insights on the Russian case will suggest a framework incorporating institutional and contextual elements. In future work, she will apply this framework in cross-national comparisons. Her goal is to develop a systematic micro-level theory that explains variation in nation-level outcomes conducted under mixed electoral systems. With this POWRE Visiting Professor award, the investigator will gain and enhance skills in quantitative methods and political economy at Harvard University and she will collect data in the Russian Federation. Residence as a visiting professor will contribute to her career development in a number of ways. The opportunity to add new methodological and analytical skills will enable her to attain concrete research and teaching goals such as expanding her research agenda to incorporate multi-country studies and contributing to the graduate education of non-area specialists. The retraining program will enhance her contributions to the larger debates in the field of comparative politics.

这是一项关于选举在民主过渡中的作用的研究。 具体而言，调查员希望研究重复选举进程如何影响俄罗斯联邦的民主化进程。 她的研究将解释国家层面的选举结果（党组织和总票数）在个人层面的因素。 她将利用1989年至1999年对俄罗斯国家议会办公室候选人的调查数据，检验关于野心理论、政党组建和选举法的政治含义的命题。 该项目的影响超出了对俄罗斯民主化和选举的研究。 选举是许多民主过渡的一个重要因素。 然而，选举竞争与巩固民主之间的关系并没有得到很好的理解。 此外，从日本到匈牙利，一些政权最近采用了混合选举制度来管理其选举进程。 研究者认为，这些机构的影响与基于传统理论框架的预期并不一致。 她对俄罗斯案例的见解将提出一个包含制度和背景因素的框架。 在未来的工作中，她将在跨国比较中应用这一框架。 她的目标是发展一个系统的微观层面的理论，解释在混合选举制度下进行的国家层面的结果的变化。 有了这个POWRE客座教授奖，研究人员将获得和提高在哈佛大学的定量方法和政治经济学的技能，她将在俄罗斯联邦收集数据。 作为客座教授居住将在许多方面为她的职业发展做出贡献。 增加新的方法和分析技能的机会将使她能够实现具体的研究和教学目标，如扩大她的研究议程，纳入多国研究和促进非领域专家的研究生教育。 再培训计划将提高她的贡献，在比较政治领域的更大的辩论。