SGER: Forces of Political Change in Pre-election Russia: Institutions, Elites, and Party System Formation

SGER：俄罗斯选举前政治变革的力量：机构、精英和政党体系的形成

• 批准号: 9912112
• 负责人: Regina Smyth
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-11-15 至 2000-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9912112&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Forces; Political; Change; Pre

Pre-election bargaining among ambitious leaders in the Russian Federation influences both the nature of choice presented to voters at the ballot box and the outcome of national elections. As these winners shape subsequent institutional changes, the effects of elite wrangling prior to elections are likely to be felt far longer than their actual terms in office. Similarly, elite bargaining within the structure of the party system also influences the nature and durability of linkages between voters and their representatives. With funding, this project surveys party functionaries across Russia in November 1999 to assess the effects of the pre-election bargaining process on party cohesion and party system formation at this critical juncture in Russia's nascent democracy. These elite-level data provide an important complement to the mass-level studies conducted at the same time. Elite data provide a means to test propositions regarding the capacity of party organizations to compete on a programmatic basis. Finally, the additional data allow the testing of propositions about the effects of institutional structures (such as mixed electoral laws and premier-presidential systems) on party system formation.

俄罗斯联邦雄心勃勃的领导人在选举前的讨价还价影响到投票箱中向选民提出的选择的性质和全国选举的结果。 随着这些获胜者塑造随后的制度变革，选举前精英争吵的影响可能会比他们的实际任期长得多。 同样，政党制度结构内的精英谈判也影响选民与其代表之间联系的性质和持久性。 有了资金，这个项目的调查，在1999年11月在俄罗斯各地的党的工作人员，以评估在这个关键时刻，在俄罗斯的新生民主党的政党凝聚力和政党制度的形成选举前的谈判过程的影响。 这些精英层面的数据为同时进行的大众层面的研究提供了重要补充。 精英数据提供了一种手段来检验关于党组织在纲领基础上竞争的能力的主张。 最后，额外的数据允许测试命题的影响，体制结构（如混合选举法和总理-总统制）的政党制度的形成。