CAREER: Cosmology: Theoretical Research, Data Analysis with Student Involvement, and Curriculum Development

职业：宇宙学：理论研究、学生参与的数据分析和课程开发

• 批准号: 9875031
• 负责人: Bharat Ratra
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Kansas State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-07-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9875031&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Cosmology; Theoretical; Research; Data

AbstractAST 98-75031RatraThe current flood of cosmological data, including cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy observations, enables inter- comparison of a broad range of cosmological models. The CMB (and other) data will be compared with several models to determine the tightest possible constraints on cosmological parameter values, and so test theories of the very early universe. The successful conclusion of this program will have profound consequences for astronomical and laboratory searches for dark matter in the Universe, extragalactic astrophysics, general relativity, and very high-energy particle physics. The excitement engendered by, and the conceptual simplicity of CMB anisotropy experiments makes it possible to directly involve undergraduates in frontier research, and to expand the physics curriculum to include aspects of modern cosmology research.This integrated research and education plan for career development will take advantage of opportunities afforded by the new data. Physics undergraduates will mathematically characterize CMB anisotropy experiments and determine the angular scales to which they are sensitive (their "window functions"). A Web site will be developed to disseminate these window functions, thus providing a uniform and highly accurate characterization of all CMB experiments (a resource that will be of great use for theorists and experimentalists). Novel but observationally consistent cosmogonies will be developed. CMB anisotropies will be computed in these models, for a wide range of cosmological parameters. Improved statistical techniques (that account for experimental systematic uncertainties) will be developed to use these predictions, in conjunction with the CMB experimental window functions and data, to constrain cosmological parameters. Correlation techniques will be used to compare the microwave data to possible foreground contaminant data, to assess the amount of, and remove any non-CMB foreground contamination. Results from analyses of many CMB experiments will be combined with those from analyses of other cosmological data to determine the tightest possible constraints on cosmological-parameter values, and so test cosmic structure formation models. The favored models will be used to make predictions for what should be seen by the MAP and Planck Surveyor space missions.An upper-level undergraduate and graduate cosmogony curriculum, that incorporates topics of current research and uses interactive multimedia tools, will be developed. This will be complemented by focussed lecture series, reading courses, and special departmental colloquia from well-established cosmologists. The goal is to help students develop the quantitative reasoning abilities needed for research in this exciting area of modern physics, and that will serve them well for possible employment in any technology-related field. The research of the Kansas State University Physics Education Group on effective physics teaching and learning will be utilized while designing this curriculum. Their expertise, assistance, and infrastructure will be used to extend this curriculum to the introductory level, to sustain the natural curiosity of students for things astronomical, and to attract students from traditionally under-represented groups to physics. The longer-range goal is to develop a partially Web-based, introductory cosmogony course into a completely Web-based distance-learning one.The extensive overlap between the educational and research activities is deliberately designed to ensure that they reinforce each other. This ambitious but realistic and achievable career development plan will significantly advance fundamental cosmogonical knowledge while simultaneously strengthening many different aspects of modern science education at Kansas State University.

摘要AST 98-75031Ratra 当前大量的宇宙学数据，包括宇宙微波背景（CMB）各向异性观测，使得能够对广泛的宇宙学模型进行相互比较。 CMB（和其他）数据将与几个模型进行比较，以确定对宇宙学参数值的最严格的可能约束，从而测试极早期宇宙的理论。该计划的成功完成将对宇宙中暗物质的天文学和实验室研究、河外天体物理学、广义相对论和极高能粒子物理学产生深远的影响。 CMB 各向异性实验所带来的兴奋感和概念的简单性使得本科生可以直接参与前沿研究，并将物理课程扩展到包括现代宇宙学研究的各个方面。这项针对职业发展的综合研究和教育计划将利用新数据提供的机会。物理学本科生将以数学方式描述 CMB 各向异性实验的特征，并确定他们敏感的角度尺度（他们的“窗口函数”）。将开发一个网站来传播这些窗口函数，从而为所有 CMB 实验提供统一且高度准确的表征（这一资源对于理论家和实验家来说将非常有用）。新颖但观察上一致的宇宙观将会被开发出来。这些模型将计算各种宇宙学参数的 CMB 各向异性。将开发改进的统计技术（考虑实验系统不确定性），以使用这些预测，结合 CMB 实验窗函数和数据来约束宇宙学参数。将使用相关技术将微波数据与可能的前景污染物数据进行比较，以评估任何非 CMB 前景污染物的数量并消除任何非 CMB 前景污染物。许多宇宙微波背景实验的分析结果将与其他宇宙学数据分析的结果相结合，以确定对宇宙学参数值最严格的限制，从而测试宇宙结构形成模型。受欢迎的模型将用于预测 MAP 和普朗克测量者太空任务应该看到的情况。将开发高年级本科生和研究生宇宙学课程，其中包含当前研究主题并使用交互式多媒体工具。此外，知名宇宙学家还将举办集中讲座系列、阅读课程和特别部门座谈会。目标是帮助学生培养现代物理学这个令人兴奋的领域研究所需的定量推理能力，这将有助于他们在任何技术相关领域的可能就业。 设计本课程时将利用堪萨斯州立大学物理教育小组关于有效物理教学和学习的研究。他们的专业知识、帮助和基础设施将用于将该课程扩展到入门级，以维持学生对天文事物的天然好奇心，并吸引传统上代表性不足的群体的学生学习物理学。长期目标是将部分基于网络的宇宙学入门课程开发为完全基于网络的远程学习课程。教育和研究活动之间的广泛重叠是经过精心设计的，以确保它们相辅相成。这一雄心勃勃但现实且可实现的职业发展计划将显着推进基础宇宙知识，同时加强堪萨斯州立大学现代科学教育的许多不同方面。