U.S.-Chile Cooperative Research: Physically Based Methodologies to Assess Hydrologic Hazards

这个美洲项目奖将支持美国地质调查局的Joseph S.Walder博士与南洛斯安第斯火山观察站的Hugo Moreno博士合作进行一项研究，以评估火山附近的水文危险。这项研究将在智利特穆科的南洛斯安第斯火山观察站进行，该火山位于几座冰雪覆盖的活火山附近，距离可能受到火山泥石流(火山成因泥石流)威胁的水电大坝不远。到目前为止，描绘与火山有关的灾害的地图依赖于历史记录和详细的地质研究来估计未来事件的危险区边界。这项工作的目标是从根本上了解危险的火山现象，并开发基于物理的模型，这些模型可用于对未来的危险事件进行可信的预测并确定危险区域。实地调查的目的是进行观察，重点是制定与冰雪上熔岩流动的水文影响有关的危险评估方法。凭借他在冰川学和水文学方面的背景，美国的PI将开发基于物理的方法来评估熔岩进入湖泊的危害，而智利调查员在火山学方面的专业知识将提供必要的背景信息和以前喷发的数据，并提供和便利进入现场的机会。***

9901402WalderThis Americas Program award will support Dr. Joseph S. Walder, US Geological Survey, in collaboration with Dr. Hugo Moreno, Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur, on a study to assess hydrologic hazards near volcanoes. The research will be carried out at the Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur in Temuco, Chile, which is located near several active, snow and ice-covered volcanoes, and not far away from hydroelectric dams potentially endangered by lahars (volcanogenic debris flows.) Up to now maps depicting volcano-related hazards have relied on historical records and detailed geologic studies to estimate the boundaries of hazard zones for future events. The objective of this work is to understand hazardous volcanic phenomena at a fundamental level, and to develop physically based models that can be used to make plausible predictions of future hazardous events and define hazard zones. Field investigations will be aimed at making observations, focused on developing hazards-assessment methodologies related to the hydrological effects of lava-flow movement over snow and ice. With his background in glaciology and hydrology the US PI will develop physically based methods for assessing hazards from the lahars entering lakes, while the Chilean investigator's expertise in volcanology will provide the necessary background information and data from previous eruptions and provide and facilitate access to field sites. ***