Dissertation Research: Quantifying Edge, Behavioral, and Climatic Effects on Survivorship Estimates of an Area-Sensitive Non-Migratory Sparrow

论文研究：量化边缘、行为和气候对区域敏感非迁徙麻雀生存估计的影响

• 批准号: 9902226
• 负责人: Douglas Bolger
• 金额: $ 0.87万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-06-01 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9902226&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Quantifying; Edge; Behavioral

9902226Bolger & MorrisonResidential development has resulted in extensive fragmentation of the coastal sage scrub habitat in southern California. A long-standing problem in avian demographic studies is that estimates of survivorship are often biased, because they derive solely from observations of disappearance of marked individuals which may occur from either mortality or emigration. Turnover of individuals due to behavioral factors, if subsumed in the adult mortality estimate, would bias it upwards. This study asks whether the Southern California Rufous-crowned Sparrow (Aimophila ruficeps canescens) experiences reduced reproduction and survival in habitat adjacent to developed edges compared to habitat interior areas. It focuses on the relationship between territory turnover dynamics and survivorship by resighting marked individuals both on and off-plot, during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. These data in combination with reproductive data and extensive habitat measures, allows tests of assumptions about breeding history, site fidelity and dispersal. Elucidation of these relationships enables more confident attribution of territory turnover to either dispersal or mortality. The complete data set establishes a foundation for rigorously examining relationships between individual fitness, local dynamics, and landscape effects. These data would also shed light on post-breeding and natal dispersal settlement patterns, as well as the extent to which the disparate climatic conditions of the 1998 El Nino and 1999 La Nina may have affected habitat quality along edges.

9902226博尔格·莫里森住宅开发导致了加州南部沿海鼠尾草灌木栖息地的广泛破碎。鸟类种群统计学研究中的一个长期存在的问题是，生存率的估计往往是有偏见的，因为它们完全来自于对可能因死亡或迁移而消失的标记个体的观察。由于行为因素造成的个人更替，如果纳入成人死亡率估计，将使其偏高。本研究问是否南加州棕冠麻雀（Aimophila ruficeps canescens）的经验减少繁殖和生存的栖息地相邻的发达边缘相比，栖息地内部地区。它的重点是领土周转动态和生存之间的关系，通过resitting标记的个人上和场外的情节，在繁殖和非繁殖季节。这些数据结合生殖数据和广泛的栖息地措施，允许测试的假设繁殖历史，网站保真度和传播。阐明这些关系，使更有信心的领土营业额归因于扩散或死亡率。完整的数据集建立了一个基础，严格检查个人健身，当地动态和景观效应之间的关系。这些数据还将揭示繁殖后和纳塔尔分散定居模式，以及1998年厄尔尼诺和1999年拉尼娜的不同气候条件可能在多大程度上影响了沿着边缘的生境质量。