GOALI: Preparation, Characterization and Kinetic Behavior of Unique Carbon Supported Bimetallic Cu Catalysts for the Selective Dehydrogenation of Alcohols and Diols

宾夕法尼亚州立大学的M.Albert Vannice教授将与东北大学的Baker教授以及孟山都公司的Friedman博士和Ebner博士合作，研究碳(以活性、石墨纤维和钻石形式)负载的双金属铜(铂、钯、Rh)粒子的制备和表征。他们将确定醇的气相和液相脱氢为烯烃的动力学和催化机理，这些反应与孟山都使用的工业过程相关。这项研究的一个广泛动机是有可能替代那些工艺中使用的对环境有害的铬酸铜催化剂。对环境也很重要的是开发高选择性、无浪费的工艺。在根本层面上，迫切需要更好地了解双金属纳米颗粒的性质。尤其是在醇脱氢反应中，负载在不同碳载体上的双金属纳米粒子的组成、结构、固相、形态、电子状态和分散性对其催化性能的影响鲜为人知或知之甚少。气相和液相催化行为的差异还没有被研究过。贝克博士和万尼斯博士将准备新型催化剂。Vannice博士将通过X射线衍射、红外光谱、透射电子显微镜和化学吸附来表征颗粒大小和表面功能成分，而贝克博士将通过可控气氛电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜提供双金属颗粒的形态和化学状态。Friendman Ebner博士将通过XPS和EXAFS提供额外的化学成分和结构信息。Vannice博士将为正丁醇、3-甲基丁醇、巴豆醇和异丙醇的气相脱氢提供催化动力学测量，孟山都将为液相反应提供类似的测量。

Professor M. Albert Vannice at Penn Sate University, in collaboration with Prof. Baker at Northeastern University, and Drs. Friedman and Ebner at Monsanto Corporation, will study the preparation and characterization of bimetallic Cu- (Pt, Pd, Rh) particles supported on carbon (in the activated, graphitic fiber, and diamond forms). They will determine the kinetics and catalytic mechanisms of vapor-phase and liquid-phase dehydrogenation of alcohols to alkenes, reactions that are relevant to industrial processes utilized by Monsanto. A broad motivation for the research is the potential replacement of environmentally hazardous copper chromite catalysts used in those processes. Also environmentally important is the development of highly selective, wasteless processes. At the fundamental level there is outstanding need for better understanding of bimetallic nanoparticles properties. In particular for alcohol dehydrogenation, the catalytic property dependence on composition, structure, solid phases, morphology, electronic state, and dispersion of bimetallic nanoparticles supported on various types carbon substrates is poorly known or little understood. Differences of behavior for vapor and liquid phase catalysis have not been investigated. Drs. Baker and Vannice will prepare the novel catalysts. Dr. Vannice will characterize particle size and surface-functional composition by XRD, IR, TEM and chemisorption while Dr. Baker will provide morphology and chemical state of the bimetallic particles by Controlled Atmosphere Electron Microscopy and TEM. Drs. Friendman Ebner will provide additional chemical composition and structural information by XPS and EXAFS. Dr. Vannice will provide catalytic kinetics measurements for the vapor-phase dehydrogenation of n-butanol, 3-methylbutanol, crotyl alcohol and isopropanol, while Monsanto will do similar determinations for the liquid-phase reactions.