GOALI: Preparation, Characterization and Kinetic Behavior of Unique Carbon Supported Bimetallic Cu Catalysts for the Selective Dehydrogenation of Alcohols and Diols

宾夕法尼亚州立大学的M. Albert Vannice教授与东北大学的Baker教授合作。孟山都公司的Friedman和Ebner将研究在碳上支撑的双金属Cu- (Pt, Pd, Rh)颗粒的制备和表征（以活性形式，石墨纤维形式和金刚石形式）。他们将确定醇气相和液相脱氢制烯烃的动力学和催化机制，这些反应与孟山都利用的工业过程有关。这项研究的一个广泛动机是潜在的替代在这些过程中使用的对环境有害的铜铬铁矿催化剂。高度选择性、无浪费工艺的发展对环境也很重要。在基础层面上，对双金属纳米颗粒的性质有更好的了解是非常必要的。特别是对于醇脱氢，催化性能依赖于组成、结构、固相、形态、电子态和分散在各种类型的碳衬底上的双金属纳米颗粒的催化性能知之甚少或知之甚少。汽相和液相催化行为的差异尚未研究。Drs。Baker和Vannice将准备这种新型催化剂。Vannice博士将通过x射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（IR）、透射电镜（TEM）和化学吸附来表征颗粒大小和表面功能组成，而Baker博士将通过可控气氛电子显微镜（Controlled Atmosphere Electron Microscopy）和透射电镜（TEM）提供双金属颗粒的形态和化学状态。Drs。Friendman Ebner将通过XPS和EXAFS提供额外的化学成分和结构信息。Vannice博士将提供正丁醇、3-甲基丁醇、丁醇和异丙醇气相脱氢的催化动力学测量，而Monsanto将对液相反应进行类似的测定。

Professor M. Albert Vannice at Penn Sate University, in collaboration with Prof. Baker at Northeastern University, and Drs. Friedman and Ebner at Monsanto Corporation, will study the preparation and characterization of bimetallic Cu- (Pt, Pd, Rh) particles supported on carbon (in the activated, graphitic fiber, and diamond forms). They will determine the kinetics and catalytic mechanisms of vapor-phase and liquid-phase dehydrogenation of alcohols to alkenes, reactions that are relevant to industrial processes utilized by Monsanto. A broad motivation for the research is the potential replacement of environmentally hazardous copper chromite catalysts used in those processes. Also environmentally important is the development of highly selective, wasteless processes. At the fundamental level there is outstanding need for better understanding of bimetallic nanoparticles properties. In particular for alcohol dehydrogenation, the catalytic property dependence on composition, structure, solid phases, morphology, electronic state, and dispersion of bimetallic nanoparticles supported on various types carbon substrates is poorly known or little understood. Differences of behavior for vapor and liquid phase catalysis have not been investigated. Drs. Baker and Vannice will prepare the novel catalysts. Dr. Vannice will characterize particle size and surface-functional composition by XRD, IR, TEM and chemisorption while Dr. Baker will provide morphology and chemical state of the bimetallic particles by Controlled Atmosphere Electron Microscopy and TEM. Drs. Friendman Ebner will provide additional chemical composition and structural information by XPS and EXAFS. Dr. Vannice will provide catalytic kinetics measurements for the vapor-phase dehydrogenation of n-butanol, 3-methylbutanol, crotyl alcohol and isopropanol, while Monsanto will do similar determinations for the liquid-phase reactions.