COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Palebiology of Latitudinal Turnover Gradients -- Transoceanic Comparative Analyses

9905379瓦伦丁纬度多样性梯度形成了海洋和陆地系统共享的最戏剧性和最普遍的生物多样性模式之一。然而，这种梯度背后的进化动力学存在很大争议，部分原因是缺乏经验数据。我们建议使用东太平洋、日本和萨哈林新近纪软体动物动物群(0-约1500万年前)，对支撑海洋纬度多样性趋势的物种水平的进化动态进行比较分析。我们将使用Lyellian百分比、向后生存曲线和物种的地层持续时间来量化每个海岸纬度排列的生物省的物种起源和灭绝率。此外，我们还将调查身体大小和生活习惯属性的差异，无论是在支系内部还是在支系之间，如何影响进化速度和物种持续时间。我们将使用东太平洋和西太平洋动物群作为平行的自然实验，以测试关于多样性控制和生物模式沿纬度组织的假设。这种比较方法将使我们能够考虑地质历史、地理和其他相关变量的区域影响，并检验我们结果的普遍性。

9905379ValentineLatitudinal diversity gradients form one of the most dramatic and pervasive biodiversity patterns shared by both marine and terrestrial systems. However, the evolutionary dynamics underlying such gradients are highly controversial, in part because of the lack of empirical data. We propose to undertake comparative analyses of the species-level evolutionary dynamics that underlie marine latitudinal diversity trends using Eastern Pacific, Japanese, and Sakhalin Neogene molluscan faunas (0 - ca. 15 million years ago). We will quantify species origination and extinction rates for latitudinally arrayed biotic provinces along each coast using Lyellian Percentages, "backwards survivorship curves", and stratigraphic durations of species. In addition, we will investigate how variations in body size and life-habit attributes, both within and among clades, influence evolutionary rates and species durations. We will use the Eastern and western Pacific faunas as parallel natural experiments for testing hypotheses on diversity controls and the organization of biotic patterns along latitude. This comparative approach will allow us to factor out the regional effects of geological history, geography and other relevant variables, and to test for the generality of our results.