High Latitude Mesospheric Dynamic and Chemistry Studies

本研究有两个目的：1）主要目的是测量和研究格陵兰Sonderstrom高纬站的声重力波（AGW）结构和进入中间层的流量。 对气辉图像结构的研究现在可以用来计算具有大垂直波长的AGW所携带的水平动量的垂直通量。 气辉成像仪是唯一能够测量的AGW与大相速度（短周期）进行的大部分波动量通量在中间层。 具体来说，将与在新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基进行的类似测量进行比较，2）次要目标，测量和研究与中间层零星金属层有关的中间层排放。 最近的研究表明，这些可能涉及高纬度层，可能有化学加热与一些释放。为了提取内禀波测量，重要的是要进行多普勒风修正。 一个流星雷达现在正在Sonderstrom工作，它能够进行这种测量。 瑞利激光雷达通常对平流层和低层中间层的结构进行散射测量，而钠激光雷达则对上层中间层进行散射测量。 激光雷达观测到速度较慢的AGW，补充了气辉观测到的光谱。 这些数据将被同化并用于：1）量化Sondrestrom波携带的水平动量和能量的垂直通量，2）与低纬度站点阿尔伯克基收集的数据进行比较。高纬度的大气动力学和化学过程是独特的，特别是薄而零星的层现象。 重要的是通过测量气辉荧光发射来解决这些事件中的化学过程。气辉的常规测量将通过光谱仪和光度计的连续夜间操作对关键排放进行光谱鉴别来完成。

This study has two objectives:1) a primary objective, to measure and study the Acoustic Gravity Wave (AGW) structure and flux into the mesosphere at Sonderstrom, Greenland, a high latitude station. The studies of structure in airglow imagery can now be used to calculate the vertical flux of horizontal momentum carried by the AGWs with large vertical wavelengths. Airglow imagers are uniquely capable of measuring the AGWs with large phase speeds (short periods) that carry the major portion of the wave momentum flux in the mesosphere. Specifically, comparisons will be made to similar measurements being made at Albuquerque, N.M., a low-mid latitude station, and South Pole station.2) A secondary objective, to make measurements of, and study, mesospheric emissions related to sporadic metal layers in the mesosphere. Recent studies suggest these may involve high latitude layers and, there may be chemical heating associated with some releases.For extracting intrinsic wave measurements, it is important to make Doppler corrections for winds. A meteor radar is now active at Sonderstrom which is able to make this measurement. Rayleigh lidar routinely make scattering measurements of structure in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere and Na lidar in the upper mesosphere. The lidars observe slower speed AGWs that complement the spectrum observed by the airglow. This data will be assimilated and used to 1) quantify the vertical flux of horizontal momentum and energy carried by the waves at Sondrestrom, and 2) compared with data being gathered at a low latitude site, Albuquerque.Atmospheric dynamic and chemical processes at high latitude are unique, especially the thin and sporadic layer phenomena. It is important to resolve the chemical processes during these events through the measurements of airglow chemiluminescent emissions. Routine measurements of airglows will be accomplished by spectral discrimination of key emissions with a continuous night time operation of a spectrometer and photometers.