Collaborative Research: Characterization of the Wetlands Source of Tropospheric Methyl Bromide (CH3Br) and Methyl Chloride (CH3Cl)

这个项目是新罕布什尔州大学和阿拉斯加大学之间的合作。 它被提交给环境地球化学和生物地球化学计划（EGB），并得到了大气科学司大气化学计划的支持;地球科学司的岩石学和地球化学计划和水文科学计划;以及数学和物理科学局的多学科活动办公室和化学司。 甲基溴和甲基氯是对平流层臭氧平衡起重要作用的痕量气体，具有致癌作用。 虽然它们的地球化学性质还不很清楚，但已知这些气体具有重要的天然来源。 这两种气体的大气收支不平衡，因为这两种气体已查明的汇超过了已知的源。 最近，人们发现，被淹没的泥炭地是这些气体的陆地来源，这可能会影响它们的全球预算。 关于这一新污染源的区域分布和规模以及被淹土壤如何影响其环境混合比的信息仍然缺乏。 在本项目中，将在各种泥炭地中对甲基溴和甲基氯的直接通量进行测量，并将进行实验以确定控制这些通量的化学、物理和生物参数。

This project is a collaboration between the University of New Hampshire and the University of Alaska. It was submitted to the Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry Program (EGB) and is supported by the Atmospheric Chemistry Program of the Division of Atmospheric Sciences; the Petrology and Geochemistry Program, and the Hydrologic Sciences Program of the Division of Earth Sciences; and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities and the Division of Chemistry of the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences. Methyl bromide and methyl chloride are anthropogenically influenced trace gases that play an important role in the stratospheric ozone balance. Although their biogeochemisty is not well understood, it is known that these gases have significant natural sources. The atmospheric budgets of these gases are out of balance because the identified sinks for both gases outweigh known sources. Recently, it has been discovered that flooded peatlands are a terrestrial source for these gases which could impact their global budget. Information is still lacking about the regional distribution and magnitude of this new source and how the flooded soils might affect their ambient mixing ratios. In this project direct flux measurements of methyl bromide and methyl chloride will be made in a variety of peatlands and experiments will be carried out to determine the chemical, physical, and biological parameters controlling these fluxes.