Collaborative Research: Characterization of the Wetlands Source of Tropospheric Methyl Bromide (CH3Br) and Methyl Chloride (CH3Cl)

合作研究：对流层溴甲烷 (CH3Br) 和氯甲烷 (CH3Cl) 湿地来源的表征

• 批准号: 9909861
• 负责人: Mark Hines
• 金额: $ 9.24万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Anchorage Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9909861&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Characterization; Wetlands; Source

This project is a collaboration between the University of New Hampshire and the University of Alaska. It was submitted to the Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry Program (EGB) and is supported by the Atmospheric Chemistry Program of the Division of Atmospheric Sciences; the Petrology and Geochemistry Program, and the Hydrologic Sciences Program of the Division of Earth Sciences; and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities and the Division of Chemistry of the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences. Methyl bromide and methyl chloride are anthropogenically influenced trace gases that play an important role in the stratospheric ozone balance. Although their biogeochemisty is not well understood, it is known that these gases have significant natural sources. The atmospheric budgets of these gases are out of balance because the identified sinks for both gases outweigh known sources. Recently, it has been discovered that flooded peatlands are a terrestrial source for these gases which could impact their global budget. Information is still lacking about the regional distribution and magnitude of this new source and how the flooded soils might affect their ambient mixing ratios. In this project direct flux measurements of methyl bromide and methyl chloride will be made in a variety of peatlands and experiments will be carried out to determine the chemical, physical, and biological parameters controlling these fluxes.

这个项目是新罕布什尔大学和阿拉斯加大学的合作项目。它提交给环境地球化学和生物地球化学项目（EGB），并得到大气科学部大气化学项目的支持；地球科学部岩石与地球化学项目、水文科学项目；数学和物理科学理事会的多学科活动办公室和化学司。甲基溴和氯甲烷是受人为影响的微量气体，在平流层臭氧平衡中起重要作用。虽然它们的生物地球化学性质还不清楚，但已知这些气体有重要的天然来源。这两种气体的大气收支失衡，因为已确定的两种气体汇超过了已知的源。最近，人们发现被淹没的泥炭地是这些气体的陆地来源，这可能会影响它们的全球预算。关于这一新来源的区域分布和规模以及被淹土壤如何影响其周围混合比的信息仍然缺乏。在这个项目中，将在各种泥炭地直接测量甲基溴和氯甲烷的通量，并将进行实验，以确定控制这些通量的化学、物理和生物参数。