GLOBEC: Sea Ice Microbial Communities

GLOBEC：海冰微生物群落

• 批准号: 9910098
• 负责人: Christian Fritsen
• 金额: $ 30.15万
• 依托单位: Nevada System of Higher Education, Desert Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-15 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9910098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GLOBEC; Sea; Ice; Microbial; Communities

The U.S. Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (U.S. GLOBEC) program has the goal of understanding and ultimately predicting how populations of marine animal species respond to natural and anthropogenic changes in climate. Research in the Southern Ocean (SO) indicates strong coupling between climatic processes and ecosystem dynamics via the annual formation and destruction of sea ice. The Southern Ocean GLOBEC Program (SO GLOBEC) will investigate the dynamic relationship between physical processes and ecosystem responses through identification of critical parameters that affect the distribution, abundance and population dynamics of target species. The overall goals of the SO GLOBEC program are to elucidate shelf circulation processes and their effect on sea ice formation and krill distribution, and to examine the factors which govern krill survivorship and availability to higher trophic levels, including penguins, seals and whales. The focus of the U.S. contribution to the international SO GLOBEC program will be on winter processes. This component will focus on the distribution and activities of sea ice microbial communities. This will be accomplished using an integrated combination of sampling (vertical profiles, horizontal surveys, and under-ice surveys) and observational protocols. Experiments will be designed to estimate microbial activity within the sea ice and at the ice-seawater interface. The research will be coordinated with components studying the water column productivity and the sea ice habitat. The result of the integrated SO GLOBEC program will be to improve the predictability of living marine resources, especially with respect to local and global climatic shifts.

美国全球海洋生态系统动力学（GLOBEC）计划的目标是了解并最终预测海洋动物物种的种群如何应对自然和人为气候变化。 对南大洋的研究表明，气候过程和生态系统动态之间通过每年海冰的形成和破坏存在着强烈的耦合。 南大洋全球生态系统方案将通过确定影响目标物种的分布、丰度和种群动态的关键参数，调查物理过程与生态系统反应之间的动态关系。 SO GLOBEC计划的总体目标是阐明大陆架环流过程及其对海冰形成和磷虾分布的影响，并研究决定磷虾存活率和向更高营养水平（包括企鹅、海豹和鲸鱼）提供的因素。美国对国际SO GLOBEC计划的贡献的重点将是冬季过程。这一部分将侧重于海冰微生物群落的分布和活动。这将通过取样（垂直剖面、水平调查和冰下调查）和观测协议的综合结合来实现。将设计实验来估计海冰内和冰-海水界面处的微生物活动。这项研究将与研究水柱生产力和海冰生境的组成部分协调进行。综合SO GLOBEC计划的结果将是提高海洋生物资源的可预测性，特别是在当地和全球气候变化方面。