Business Community Support for New Democracies

商界对新民主国家的支持

• 批准号: 9911267
• 负责人: Charles Kurzman
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9911267&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Business; Community; Support; New; Democracies

SES-9911267Charles KurzmanThe study examines a "wave" of democratizations in which, according to preliminary research, the business community abandoned support of democracy while expressing relatively little concern over economic and cultural threats. The goals of the project are 1) to understand why business communities abandon support of new democracies; 2) to test the hypothesis that this turn reflects challenges to the business community's control of the state, in competition with the emerging "class" of modern intellectuals, even where business's economic position and cultural values are not threatened; and 3) to investigate the last completed "wave of democratization" not complicated by decolonization and the Cold War, namely the constitutional revolutions of 1905-1912.Qualitative comparative-historical research will be completed on three cases, Mexico, Portugal and Turkey using primary source materials in three languages. The case studies will consist of a systematic examination of: 1) publications of business organizations; 2) memoirs of business leaders and their contemporaries; 3) contemporaneous periodicals; 4) the archives of government ministries monitoring anti-democratic activity; and 5) the observations of foreign diplomats as recorded in published and unpublished diplomatic documents. Source materials will be analyzed for information regarding 1) the business community's support for democracy, with attention to possible shifts in this support over time; and 2) the economic, cultural and political context of this support.This project is limited in theoretical scope. It is designed to study business community support for new democracies, but it does not address other possible causes of democratic survival and collapse, which are considered in the longer-term research agenda from which this project is drawn. This project will also not explore the implications of its findings for the fate of new democracies at the end o the 20th century.

该研究考察了民主化的“浪潮”，根据初步研究，商界放弃了对民主的支持，同时对经济和文化威胁表示相对较少的关注。 该项目的目标是：（1）理解为什么商界放弃对新民主国家的支持;（2）检验这样一个假设，即这种转变反映了商界对国家控制的挑战，与新兴的现代知识分子“阶级”竞争，即使企业的经济地位和文化价值观没有受到威胁;第三，考察最后一次没有被非殖民化和冷战复杂化的“民主化浪潮”，即1905- 1912年的宪政革命。葡萄牙和土耳其，使用三种语言的原始资料。 案例研究将包括系统地审查：（1）商业组织的出版物;（2）商业领袖及其同时代人的回忆录;（3）同时代的期刊;（4）监测反民主活动的政府各部的档案;（5）已发表和未发表的外交文件中记录的外国外交官的意见。 通过对原始资料的分析，可以了解到：（1）企业界对民主的支持，并关注这种支持随着时间的推移可能发生的变化;（2）这种支持的经济、文化和政治背景。 它旨在研究工商界对新民主国家的支持，但它不涉及民主生存和崩溃的其他可能原因，这些原因在本项目所依据的长期研究议程中得到考虑。本项目也不会探讨其研究结果对20世纪世纪末新兴民主国家命运的影响。