Collaborative Research on the Dynamics of Collective Protest in the U.S., 1950-1995

Susan olzakses -9911296本基金由John McCarthy （SES-9911431）合作资助。该研究测试了关于社会运动和集体行动的争论，这些争论涉及政治机会结构、战术动态和运动间竞争的理论。从抗议事件的报纸报道和协变数据集生成的纵向数据集将被构建，以捕捉美国社会运动和集体行动的更广泛的社会，文化和政治背景的相关维度。项目的第一阶段（也由NSF资助）包括开发一个可靠的编码方案，捕获抗议事件报道的细节，并识别和编码纽约时报1960-1980年间的所有抗议事件报道。由此产生的1万多起抗议事件数据库包含三个社会运动领域的一般全社会指标：妇女运动、环境运动和和平运动。这个项目的初始阶段侧重于政治机会在三个运动的不同抗议模式中的作用。例如，初步分析表明，美国妇女运动抗议的时间与全国国会关于妇女问题的听证会的时间密切相关，这与政治机会的解释一致。本项目第二阶段将采用在初始阶段拟订的标准方法来增加新的指标，并审查1950- 1959年和1981-1995年期间。该项目将探索影响公众抗议轨迹的偶然机制和社会过程。这包括它的强度、不同的战术维度、位置、目标的接近程度以及它的速度和战术在时间、空间和社会运动中的扩散。关于抗议活动的长期数据将使人们能够用各种适当的方法充分分析宏观层面的变革力量和机会的变化。

Susan OlzakSES-9911296This grant is collaborative with John McCarthy (SES-9911431). The research test arguments about social movements and collective action that address theories of political opportunity structure, tactical dynamics, and inter-movement competition. A longitudinal data set generated from newspaper reports of protest events and covariant data sets will be constructed to capture relevant dimensions of the broader social, cultural and political context of social movements and collective action in the U.S. Phase I of the project (also funded by NSF) consisted of developing a reliable coding scheme that captures the details of protest event reports, and identifying and coding all protest events report in New York Times between 1960-1980. The resultant database of over 10,000 protest events contains general society-wide indicators on three social movement areas: The Women's, Environmental and Peace Movements. This initial phase of the project focused on the role of political opportunity in the different patterns of protest in the three movements. For example, preliminary analyses suggests that the timing of Women'' movement protest in the U.S. is strongly related to the timing of national congressional hearings on women's issues, consistent with a political opportunity interpretation.This project, phase II, will employ the standard methodology developed in the initial phase to add new indicators and examine the 1950-59 and 1981-1995 periods. The project will explore casual mechanisms and social processes affecting the trajectory of public protest. This includes its intensity, varying tactical dimensions, location, proximity of target and diffusion of its pace and tactics across time, space and social movements. The longer period of data on protests will allow one to adequately analyze shifts in macro-level forces of change and opportunity with a variety of appropriate methods.