Racial Conflict in South Africa and the United States

该提案旨在审查和比较美国和南非当代种族骚乱的根源。 拟议的研究建立在国家科学基金会支持的先前研究的基础上，并通过以下方式扩展了生态视角：（1）考虑关于废除种族隔离政策的国家行动的时机和目标如何加剧种族竞争和冲突，（2）建立一个比较背景，在该背景下，事件历史方法的新应用将应用于美国和南非种族冲突的最佳可用数据，以及（3）对由占主导地位的群体（白人公民、警察和两国国家机构的其他代理人）发起的暴力事件给予大力关注。 关键的论点是，最初偏离完全隔离会引发强烈的种族骚乱。 这一论点通过 1960-1990 年美国城市和 1970-1984 年南非城市废除种族隔离和种族冲突的数据得到检验。 有关种族事件发生和时间的数据是从报纸报道中编码的，这些报道对美国和南非的事件进行了连续报道。 拟议的项目使用事件历史方法来分析两国种族冲突的平行模型。 此类模型使用有关事件的确切时间和持续时间的信息，以便可以直接检查这一时期种族政策和种族隔离变化的影响。

This proposal is to examine and compare sources of contem- porary racial unrest in the United States and in South Africa. The proposed research builds on previous research supported by NSF and expands the ecological perspective by (1) considering how the timing and goals of state actions regarding desegregation policies intensify racial competition and conflict, (2) establishing a comparative context within which new applications of event-history methods will be applied to the best available data on racial conflicts in the United States and South Africa, and (3) giving substantial attention to violent events initiated by dominant groups: white citizens, the police, and other agents of the state apparatuses in the two countries. The key argument is that initial deviation from complete segregation sparks intense racial unrest. This argument is tested using data on desegregation and racial conflict in cities in the United States during 1960-1990 and in cities in South Africa during 1970-1984. Data on the occurrence and timing of racial events have been coded from newspaper accounts that provide continuous coverage of events in the United States and South Africa. The proposed project uses event-history methods to analyze parallel models of racial conflict in the two countries. Such models use information on the exact timing and duration of events so that effects of changes in racial policies and racial segregation during this period can be examined directly.