Racial Conflict in South Africa and the United States

这个建议是检查和比较在美国和南非当代种族骚乱的来源。本研究以美国国家科学基金会（NSF）支持的先前研究为基础，通过(1)考虑国家在废除种族隔离政策方面采取行动的时机和目标如何加剧种族竞争和冲突，拓展了生态视角；(2)建立一个比较背景，在这个背景中，事件历史方法的新应用将被应用于美国和南非种族冲突的最佳可用数据；(3)对两国白人公民、警察和国家机器的其他代理人等主导群体发起的暴力事件给予实质性关注。关键的论点是，最初对完全种族隔离的偏离会引发激烈的种族骚乱。用1960-1990年期间美国城市和1970-1984年期间南非城市的废除种族隔离和种族冲突的数据来检验这一论点。关于种族事件发生和时间的数据是根据报纸的报道编码的，这些报道提供了美国和南非事件的连续报道。该项目采用事件历史的方法来分析两国种族冲突的相似模式。这种模型使用关于事件的确切时间和持续时间的资料，以便可以直接审查这一时期种族政策和种族隔离变化的影响。

This proposal is to examine and compare sources of contem- porary racial unrest in the United States and in South Africa. The proposed research builds on previous research supported by NSF and expands the ecological perspective by (1) considering how the timing and goals of state actions regarding desegregation policies intensify racial competition and conflict, (2) establishing a comparative context within which new applications of event-history methods will be applied to the best available data on racial conflicts in the United States and South Africa, and (3) giving substantial attention to violent events initiated by dominant groups: white citizens, the police, and other agents of the state apparatuses in the two countries. The key argument is that initial deviation from complete segregation sparks intense racial unrest. This argument is tested using data on desegregation and racial conflict in cities in the United States during 1960-1990 and in cities in South Africa during 1970-1984. Data on the occurrence and timing of racial events have been coded from newspaper accounts that provide continuous coverage of events in the United States and South Africa. The proposed project uses event-history methods to analyze parallel models of racial conflict in the two countries. Such models use information on the exact timing and duration of events so that effects of changes in racial policies and racial segregation during this period can be examined directly.