Collaborative Research: The Role of Wind-Driven Transport in Shelf Productivity: Multi-Platform Remote Sensing and Bio-Optical Measurements

合作研究：风力运输在货架生产力中的作用：多平台遥感和生物光学测量

• 批准号: 9912361
• 负责人: Raphael Kudela
• 金额: $ 34.94万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-11-01 至 2006-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9912361&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Role; Wind; Driven

9912361KudelaThis collaborative project, involving eleven investigators at five institutions is under the auspices of the Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) Program, and it focuses on the role of wind-driven transport in shelf productivity. Wind-driven continental shelves represent a paradox in that while they are characterized by high productivity due to upward fluxes of nutrients into the euphotic zone, wind forcing also represents negative physical and biological controls via offshore transport and deep (light-limiting) mixing of primary producers. Specifically, upwelling ecosystems along mid-latitude eastern boundaries of the ocean are well known for wind forcing and high productivity at lower trophic levels, with concomitant transport of near-surface plankton offshore. The group of researchers will conduct an interdisciplinary study to examine the roles that wind-driven transport plays in productivity over the shelf off northern California. Research will focus on key processes to explain the integrated functioning of highly productive planktonic systems over eastern boundary shelves in response to wind-driven transport, and specifically, to determine the sensitivity of these processes to both wind intensity and the time scales of wind forcing. Work will also identify specific features of the nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton (NPZ) food web that lead to greater or lesser secondary productivity in response to changes in wind forcing.To implement the study, part of the work will examine the 3-dimensional wind-driven circulation of water concurrently with size-structured distributions of phytoplankton and zooplankton species. Other efforts will study the key physical and biological processes that control primary production, zooplankton population responses, and offshore transport of plankton and nutrients over the strongly wind-driven shelf and slope off Bodega Bay. An integrated sampling scheme coupled with appropriate physical-biological models designed to synthesize and guide the fieldwork has been developed. The fieldwork will be comprised of fixed station time-series, ship surveys, drifter releases, and satellite remote sensing. There are two parts to the fieldwork - one focusing on the mooring array off Bodega Bay, and a second involving ship surveys and drifters. The mooring array places emphasis on eulerian measurements of cross-shelf circulation, aiming also to resolve up/downwelling fluxes. The surveys and drifters place emphasis on transformations in the water column, specifically the maturation of upwelled water as it moves away from the mooring site. By combining these data with the synoptic measurements available from satellites and the integrative aspects of the modeling, the project seeks to address all the important processes associated with wind-driven transport. This promises to unravel the paradox of how wind-driven transport supports high levels of productivity over eastern boundary shelf regions.This particular component of the study will provide remote sensing data using the AVHRR, SeaWiFS, and GOES platforms, and to further develop existing algorithms and bio-optical models to complement other work in this multi-disciplinary study.

9912361 Kudela这个合作项目，涉及五个机构的11名研究人员，是在沿海海洋过程（CoOP）计划的主持下，它侧重于风力驱动的运输在大陆架生产力中的作用。风力驱动的大陆架是一个矛盾现象，因为虽然它们的特点是由于营养物质向上流入真光层而具有高生产力，但风力也通过近海运输和初级生产者的深层（光限制）混合而产生负面的物理和生物控制。 具体而言，沿海洋中纬度东部边界的上升流生态系统沿着以风力和较低营养水平的高生产力而闻名，并伴随着近海近地表浮游生物的迁移。 这组研究人员将进行一项跨学科的研究，以检查风力驱动的运输在北方加州外大陆架生产力中的作用。 研究将侧重于关键过程，以解释东部边界大陆架上高生产力的对流系统在风驱动的运输中的综合功能，特别是确定这些过程对风强度和风强迫的时间尺度的敏感性。研究还将确定营养盐-浮游植物-浮游动物（NPZ）食物网的具体特征，这些特征会导致次级生产力随风强迫变化而增加或减少。为了实施这项研究，部分工作将研究三维风驱动的水循环，同时研究浮游植物和浮游动物物种的大小结构分布。 其他工作将研究控制初级生产、浮游动物种群反应以及浮游生物和营养物质在强风驱动的大陆架和博德加湾外斜坡上的近海运输的关键物理和生物过程。已经制定了一个综合抽样计划，加上适当的物理-生物模型，旨在综合和指导实地工作。 实地工作将包括固定站时间序列、船舶调查、漂流物释放和卫星遥感。 现场工作有两个部分--一部分集中在博德加湾外的系泊阵列上，另一部分涉及船舶调查和漂流者。 系泊阵列强调欧拉测量的跨大陆架环流，目的也是解决上升/下降流通量。勘测和漂流器的重点是水柱的变化，特别是当上升水离开系泊地点时上升水的成熟。通过将这些数据与卫星提供的天气测量数据和建模的综合方面相结合，该项目力求解决与风力驱动的输送有关的所有重要过程。 这有望解开的矛盾，如何风驱动的运输支持高水平的生产力超过东部边界shelfieldregions.This研究的特定组成部分将提供遥感数据使用AVHRR，SeaWiFS和GOES平台，并进一步开发现有的算法和生物光学模型，以补充其他工作在这个多学科的研究。