Introduction of Modern Light Scattering Methods in Chemistry Laboratories

化学实验室现代光散射方法介绍

• 批准号: 9950133
• 负责人: Gerald Van Hecke
• 金额: $ 5.22万
• 依托单位: Harvey Mudd College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-06-01 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9950133&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Introduction; Modern; Light; Scattering; Methods

This proposal seeks to introduce modem light scattering instrumentation into our chemistry laboratories, especially our physical chemistry and biochemistry laboratories. The characterization of macromolecules, whether they be synthetic polymers or biological, depends heavily on the measurement of molecular weight and size. Light scattering techniques have long been recognized as one of the best means of determining molecular weight and size. Advances in instrumentation, largely made possible by the laser and improved photometric detection devices, have now made such techniques accessible for use in undergraduate laboratories. As examples, two of the several experiments proposed here will allow physical chemistry students to explore properties of diblock copolymers and micellar solutions of surfactants: (1) the transition from a random coil conformation to a globule conformation will be studied for a diblock copolymer system; (2) the size and polydispersity of self-assembled aggregates in aqueous surfactant systems will be studied. Biochemistry students will test the validity of get permeation calibration curve methods for molecular weight measurements against absolute molecular weight measurements made by light scattering methods. All the planned experiments are made extremely facile by the requested instrumentation whose data acquisition time represents such a saving in laboratory time that students will be able to explore further aspects of the projects on their own thereby enriching their laboratory experiences within the same currently available time frame. The advent of the new instrumentation can only encourage students to appreciate more fully the challenges available in the extremely important, increasingly interdisciplinary field of macromolecular science.

本建议旨在将现代光散射仪器引入我们的化学实验室，特别是我们的物理化学和生物化学实验室。大分子的表征，无论是合成聚合物还是生物，在很大程度上取决于分子量和尺寸的测量。光散射技术一直被认为是测定分子量和分子大小的最佳方法之一。仪器仪表的进步，主要是由于激光和改进的光度检测装置，现在已经使这些技术在本科实验室中使用。作为例子，这里提出的几个实验中的两个将允许物理化学的学生探索二嵌段共聚物和表面活性剂胶束溶液的性质：（1）从无规线圈构象的转变将被研究的二嵌段共聚物系统的球状构象;（2）的大小和多分散性的自组装聚集体在水性表面活性剂系统将被研究。生物化学专业的学生将测试渗透校正曲线法测量分子量的有效性，并与光散射法测量绝对分子量进行对比。所有计划中的实验都非常容易通过所要求的仪器，其数据采集时间代表了实验室时间的节省，学生将能够自己探索项目的进一步方面，从而在相同的当前可用的时间框架内丰富他们的实验室经验。新仪器的出现只会鼓励学生更充分地理解在极其重要的，日益跨学科的大分子科学领域中存在的挑战。