SBIR Phase I: Carbon Monoxide-Tolerant Anode Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells via Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition

SBIR 第一阶段：通过燃烧化学气相沉积用于质子交换膜燃料电池的耐一氧化碳阳极催化剂

• 批准号: 9960502
• 负责人: Peter Faguy
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: NGIMAT CO.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-01-01 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9960502&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Carbon; Monoxide; Tolerant

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project addresses the development of low loading/watt CO-tolerant precious metal catalysts for application in fuel cells operating on hydrogen from reformed hydrocarbons. Recent research indicates that Pt:Ru, Pt:Mo and even some ternary and quartenary Pt-containing systems can achieve the power output and CO tolerance required for next generation vehicle (NGV's). However, most catalyst layer fabrication methods are far too expensive for mass-market applications. Furthermore, existing technologies cannot provide the short development duty cycle and amenability to combinatorial methods that optimization of a composite anode catalyst layer requires. The Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition (CCVD) does provide such a technology and has been demonstrated to provide a low-cost solution for catalytic coatings onto both proton exchange membranes(PEM) and carbon electrodes. CCVD's primary advantage is the ability to deposit high quality thin films in the open atmosphere in a production friendly manner. The process uses simple, low-cost equipment and relatively inexpensive precursors. Development of low loading/watt, high performance CO tolerant catalysts is necessary to reduce the cost of manufacturing and enable the large volume production of fuel cell membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs), a fuel cell stack component identified as critical to the successful development of NGV's.The Government/automotive industry Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) has identified proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology to be extremely promising for electric vehicle applications. Adoption of PEMFC power technology for automotive drive trains will enable achievement of industry goals for better automotive fuel economy and reduced emission of air pollutants in comparison with conventional internal combustion engines. This goal will be realized only if costs of PEMFC technology can be reduced further to competitive levels. Achievement of these goals will increase air quality and reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil supplies. Successful technical results arising from the proposed program of R&D will have straightforward commercialization avenue from MCT to a variety of automotive manufacturers and fuel cell producers.

这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目致力于开发低负荷/瓦特耐co的贵金属催化剂，用于以转化碳氢化合物为氢的燃料电池。最近的研究表明，Pt:Ru， Pt:Mo甚至一些三元和四元含Pt体系可以实现下一代汽车所需的功率输出和CO容限。然而，大多数催化剂层制造方法对于大众市场应用来说过于昂贵。此外，现有技术无法提供优化复合阳极催化剂层所需的短开发占空比和易于使用的组合方法。燃烧化学气相沉积（CCVD）技术提供了这样的技术，并已被证明为质子交换膜（PEM）和碳电极上的催化涂层提供了一种低成本的解决方案。CCVD的主要优点是能够在开放气氛中以生产友好的方式沉积高质量的薄膜。该过程使用简单、低成本的设备和相对便宜的前体。为了降低制造成本，实现燃料电池膜电极组件（MEAs）的大规模生产，开发低负载/瓦特、高性能的CO耐受催化剂是必要的，MEAs是燃料电池堆组件，被认为是成功开发NGV的关键。政府/汽车行业新一代汽车合作伙伴关系（PNGV）已经确定质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）技术在电动汽车应用中非常有前途。与传统内燃机相比，将PEMFC动力技术应用于汽车传动系统将有助于实现更好的汽车燃油经济性和减少空气污染物排放的行业目标。只有PEMFC技术的成本进一步降低到具有竞争力的水平，这一目标才能实现。实现这些目标将提高空气质量，减少美国对外国石油供应的依赖。拟议的研发计划所产生的成功技术成果将为MCT向各种汽车制造商和燃料电池生产商提供直接的商业化途径。