Universal Access for the Partially Sighted Using Scanned Retinal Displays

使用扫描视网膜显示器为弱视人士提供普遍服务

• 批准号: 9978566
• 负责人: Thomas Furness
• 金额: $ 43.93万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-15 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9978566&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Universal; Access; Partially; Sighted; Using

The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) developed by the PIs and their colleagues creates an image by scanning non-coherent or coherent light across the retina in a raster pattern, rather than using a conventional image plane screen. The VRD has full color and a broad luminance range for high contrast, even in bright ambient daylight; the mechanism will eventually be miniaturized to fit on a spectacle frame, making wearable displays feasible. Because of these attributes, and the fact that VRD parameters can be configured in various combinations to alter characteristics of the perceived image such as field of view, resolution and the size of the scanning aperture, the VRD holds great promise for enhancing vision in the partially sighted. The goal of this research is to investigate how best to realize this promise. The small exit pupil of the VRD allows clear images to be seen by users with corneal distortions and/or partial opacities of the lens such as cataracts. For central retinal diseases such as macular degeneration, the VRD can be configured to direct high contrast, large feature images to the peripheral retina. For peripheral disorders, where only a small central area may remain functional, the display can be configured with a high-resolution narrow field of view. Pilot tests of subjects with partial loss of vision indicate that even non-optimized images from the VRD can usually be seen better than CRT images. The PIs will conduct psychophysical visual testing with partially sighted users, and systematic comparison with standard computer displays (CRTs and LCDs), to determine for a variety of visual disorders the appropriate VRD scanning and modulation characteristics for optimal image resolution, contrast sensitivity, color perception and absence of flicker. The ability of users to view text, see video images and use common computer applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, and web browsers will also be assessed. The expectation is that this research will ultimately lead to new visual display products and techniques to enhance computer access for people with low vision, including the growing elderly population

由PI和他们的同事开发的虚拟视网膜显示器(VRD)通过以栅格模式扫描穿过视网膜的非相干或相干光来创建图像，而不是使用传统的图像平面屏幕。VRD拥有全彩色和宽亮度范围，即使在明亮的环境日光下也能实现高对比度；该机制最终将被微型化，以适合眼镜框，使可穿戴显示器成为可能。由于这些属性，以及可以以各种组合配置VRD参数以改变感知图像的特征(例如视场、分辨率和扫描孔径的大小)的事实，VRD在增强部分视力者的视力方面具有很大的前景。这项研究的目标是调查如何最好地实现这一承诺。VRD的小出射光瞳允许具有角膜扭曲和/或晶状体部分混浊(例如白内障)的用户看到清晰的图像。对于黄斑变性等中央视网膜疾病，VRD可以配置为将高对比度、大特征图像引导到外围视网膜。对于外周疾病，其中只有一个小的中央区域可以保持功能，显示器可以配置高分辨率的窄视野。对部分失明的受试者进行的试点测试表明，即使是来自VRD的未经优化的图像通常也可以比CRT图像看得更好。视听系统将为部分视力受损的使用者进行心理物理视觉测试，并与标准电脑显示器(阴极射线管和液晶显示器)进行系统比较，以确定各种视觉障碍的适当VRD扫描和调制特征，以获得最佳的图像分辨率、对比敏感度、颜色感知和无闪烁。还将评估用户查看文本、查看视频图像和使用文字处理器、电子表格和网络浏览器等常见计算机应用程序的能力。预计这项研究将最终导致新的视觉显示产品和技术，以增强视力低下者，包括不断增长的老年人口对计算机的访问