A Toll Pricing Framework for Traffic Assignment Problems

这笔赠款用于开发一种确定拥挤网络（如城市街道网络和通信网络）收费的方法。虽然这些例子在物理上非常不同，但它们的设计和控制中使用的数学模型非常相似。理论发展将确定所有使网络高效的收费策略，即使在城市交通的情况下，许多个人用户被允许做出自己的选择。计算的发展将提供可靠的数值方法来精确计算任意大小和配置的网络的通行费。在20世纪50年代开始的交通研究中，经济学家已经认识到对拥挤的交通网络收费的价值，它可以作为一种控制交通的方法，并为其他交通方式（如换乘）提供收入。现在，技术允许高速收费站，美国交通部正在资助美国各地的几项收费实验。然而，在各种情况下，还没有确定收费的既定方法。这项研究将为网络设计者和规划者提供工具，以确定实现最小系统影响的所有通行费；并计算通行费，以实现额外的目标，如尽量减少收费站的数量，尽量减少用户的成本等。

This grant funds the development of a methodology for the determination of tolls in congested networks such as urban street networks and communication networks. While these examples are very different physically, the mathematical models used in their design and control are quite similar. The theoretical development will identify all tolling strategies that make the network efficient, even when many individual users are allowed to make their own choices as in the case of urban traffic. The computational development will provide robust numerical methods that calculate tolls accurately for networks of arbitrary size and configuration.In transportation research dating from the 1950s economists have recognized the value of tolling of congested networks as a method of control and to provide revenues for alternative travel modes such astransit. Now technology allows for high-speed tollbooths and the U. S. Department of Transportation is funding several tolling experiments across the U. S. However, there is no established method for determination of tolls in various settings. This research will provide network designers and planners with tools that identify all tolls that achieve minimum system impact; and calculate the tolls that achieve additional objectives such as minimizing the number of tolling stations, minimizing costs to the users, etc.