X-Ray Diffraction Analysis Throughout the Curriculum: a Powerful Tool for Understanding Molecular Structure and Bonding

化学（12）硬件、理论和软件的最新进展，加上个人计算机价格和性能的迅速提高，使单晶衍射方法同时变得更强大和更容易执行。 这正在迅速增加它们在工业和学术界合成化学、材料科学和结构生物学等领域的重要性。 由于这些原因，衍射方法正在整合整个课程的援助，在这个项目中产生的材料。 这些包括1）测试教师和学生的背景材料和文档，2）测试实验室资源，包括模块计划和实验室练习，3）测试全面单晶衍射方法实验室手册，4）学生衍射分析软件和软件文档，5）注释衍射数据集，以及6）发布这些材料的网站。正在编写入门和高级材料。 在入门级，这些材料侧重于实验得出的结构数据和键理论之间的关系。 在更先进的水平，这些材料包括结构/键合关系的更全面的处理，单晶衍射模块适合插入到几种类型的上师课程，以及材料，以支持这些主题在专门的课程和本科研究项目的更广泛的治疗。 介绍材料服务于广泛的学生基础，包括所有科学和技术专业，健康和人类服务专业和职前科学教师。 这些教材也以适合非科学和非技术专业以及高中化学专业学生使用的形式编写。 先进的材料服务于化学和相关学科（例如，生物学、地质学、物理学、材料科学和工程学）。 制作的新材料将通过使用同行评审员进行全面评估，在两个周期的过程中，并通过正式的学生评估工具。 这些将包括接触前和接触后的学生成果研究，包括学生学习和概念理解。 测试地点包括大学和高中的实验室和教室。 该项目着重强调将技术纳入教育的主题，并有教师培训和教师发展的组成部分。

Chemistry (12)Recent advances in hardware, theory, and software coupled with the rapidly improving price and performance of personal computers have combined to make single crystal diffraction methods simultaneously more powerful and easier to perform. This is rapidly increasing their importance in fields as diverse as synthetic chemistry, materials science, and structural biology in both industry and academia. For these reasons, diffraction methods are being integrated throughout the curriculum with the aid of materials produced in this project. These include the production of 1) tested instructor and student background materials and documentation, 2) tested laboratory resources including module plans and laboratory exercises, 3) a tested comprehensive single crystal diffraction methods lab manual, 4) student diffraction analysis software and software documentation, 5) annotated diffraction data sets, and 6) a website with these materials posted. Both introductory and advanced materials are being generated. At the introductory level, these materials focus on the relationship between experimentally derived structural data and bonding theory. At the more advanced level, these materials include a more comprehensive treatment of the structure/bonding relationship, modules on single crystal diffraction suitable for insertion into upper division courses of several types, and materials to support more extended treatments of these topics in dedicated courses and undergraduate research projects. The introductory materials serve a broad student base, including all science and technology majors, health and human service majors and pre-service science teachers. They are also being prepared in a form suitable for use with non-science and non-technology majors and high school chemistry students. The advanced materials serve the needs of undergraduate students majoring in chemistry and allied disciplines (e.g., biology, geology, physics, materials science and engineering). The new materials produced will be assessed comprehensively by using both peer reviewers, in a two cycle process, and by formal student assessment instruments. These will include pre- and post-exposure student outcome studies including student learning and conceptual understanding. Test sites include both university and high school laboratories and classrooms. This project strongly emphasizes the theme of the integration of technology into education and has teacher preparation and faculty development components.