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RUI: The Role of Phenology and its Heritability in Limiting the Use of an Alternate Host Plant

RUI：物候及其遗传力在限制替代寄主植物的使用中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
9981330
负责人：
Warren Abrahamson
金额：
$ 28.24万
依托单位：
Bucknell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2000-01-15 至 2003-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9981330&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Role Phenology its Heritability

项目摘要

9981330 AbrahamsonPlants vary in their timing of availability to insects. Often insects can emerge either at the proper time to use one host plant or another, but not both. The role of timing, or phenological, differences in limiting alternate host-plant use by the goldenrod gall fly will be examined. The goals are to determine whether gall-fly emergence time limits the use of an alternate host plant and whether there is potential for evolutionary change in the emergence time of gall flies. In greenhouse and field experiments, plant age and fly emergence time will be manipulated, and insect choice and survival on the normal and alternate host plants will be assayed. Field experiments will reveal whether early emerging flies would have an advantage when using the alternate host. The field emergence times of parents and their offspring will be recorded to determine whether there is genetic control of emergence time. This study of the role of timing in host switching is important because new species may be formed through a shift in the resources used by some members of a species. This mechanism of new species formation may be crucial in many groups of organisms, and knowledge of the processes that form new species is fundamental to understanding patterns of species diversity. Such host shifts may lead to unintended consequences when biological control organisms shift to native plants.

9981330 Abrahamson植物对昆虫的利用时间各不相同。通常，昆虫可以在适当的时间出现，以利用一种宿主植物或另一种宿主植物，但不能同时利用两者。时间的作用，或物候，在限制替代寄主植物的使用由一枝黄花瘿蝇的差异将进行检查。目标是确定瘿蝇出现时间是否限制了替代宿主植物的使用，以及瘿蝇出现时间是否有进化变化的潜力。在温室和田间实验中，将操纵植物年龄和苍蝇出现时间，并分析昆虫选择和在正常和替代宿主植物上的存活。田间实验将揭示早期出现的苍蝇在使用替代宿主时是否会有优势。将记录亲本及其后代的田间出苗时间，以确定出苗时间是否存在遗传控制。这种研究的作用，时间在主机切换是重要的，因为新的物种可能会形成通过改变资源使用的一些成员的一个物种。这种新物种形成的机制在许多生物群体中可能是至关重要的，了解新物种形成的过程是理解物种多样性模式的基础。当生物防治生物转移到本地植物时，这种宿主转移可能导致意想不到的后果。