Space Weather: Low-Latitude Signatures of Substorm Processes

研究人员将研究地面磁力计探测到的Pi2波与磁层亚暴发生之间的关系。Pi2波通常由位于中低纬度地区的地面磁力计检测到，它们与亚暴的一般联系是公认的。然而，为了使这种现象成为空间天气规范和预测的更可靠的工具，需要对Pi2波进行进一步的分析。多个站点观测到的Pi2波物理参数可用于监测亚暴扩展和恢复阶段的时空发展。研究人员将定量评估Pi2波监测亚暴活动的能力。他们将使用极地卫星的极光图像来确定亚暴发生的时间和地点，并与地面探测到的Pi2波进行比较。这些结果将有助于更好地了解亚暴，并有助于开发一种远程探测亚暴时间和地点的技术。

The investigators will study the relationship between Pi2 waves detected by ground-based magnetometers and magnetospheric substorm occurrence. Pi2 waves are routinely detected by ground magnetometers located at low- to mid-latitudes and their general association with substorms is well recognized. However, further analysis of Pi2 waves is required in order to make the phenomenon a more reliable tool for space weather specification and prediction. Physical parameters of Pi2 waves observed at multiple stations can be used to monitor the spatial and temporal development of substorms during the expansion and recovery phases. The investigators will quantitatively evaluate the capability of the Pi2 waves for monitoring substorm activity. They will use auroral images from the Polar satellite to identify the time and location of substorm onsets to compare with Pi2 waves detected on the ground. The results will lead to a better understanding of substorms and to the development of a technique to remotely sense the time and location of substorms.