Collaborative Research: Snow Petrel Mumiyo: A Record of Food-Web Variability During the Holocene

合作研究：雪海燕 Mumiyo：全新世食物网变化的记录

• 批准号: 0003903
• 负责人: Greg Rau
• 金额: $ 3.51万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-06-01 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0003903&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Snow; Petrel; Mumiyo

The Snow Petrel, Pagadroma nivea, is an abundant seabird species that occurs only in pack-ice covered seas of the Southern Ocean and nests among talus slopes of ice-free nanataks. It has been shown that at some ice-free locations this species has nested for 35,000 years. The proposed project will focus on the isotopic analysis of laminated deposits of Snow Petrel 'mumiyo' (i.e., stomach oil that accumulates around nesting cavities) dating back 10,000 years before present. The samples are in hand and were collected at the Bunger Hills, East Antarctica. These analyses will assess the variation in the structure of certain portions of the upper food web of the Southern Ocean in response to climate variation. Profiles of 18O and 2H will be analyzed to reveal correspondence to long-term fluctuations in marine climate, while 13C and 15N will be used to assess food web fluctuations. The Snow Petrel feeds on either krill, at one trophic level, or fish, at the next highest. Thus results may reveal long-term switches in diet as a function of availability in these two classes of prey. Availability of these prey to Snow Petrels is in turn known to be affected by the variation in sea ice cover. Sea ice cover varies with climate, as revealed in sediment cores of coastal Antarctica. The proposed analyses have the potential to reveal corresponding changes in higher in the food web.

雪海燕 (Pagadroma nivea) 是一种丰富的海鸟物种，仅出现在南大洋浮冰覆盖的海洋中，并在无冰的纳纳塔克山的滑坡中筑巢。 研究表明，该物种在一些无冰地区已经筑巢了 35,000 年。 拟议项目将重点对距今 10,000 年前的雪海燕“mumiyo”（即积聚在筑巢腔周围的胃油）层状沉积物进行同位素分析。 样本已在手，是在南极洲东部的邦格山采集的。 这些分析将评估南大洋上层食物网某些部分的结构因气候变化而发生的变化。 将分析 18O 和 2H 的剖面以揭示与海洋气候长期波动的对应关系，而 13C 和 15N 将用于评估食物网波动。 雪海燕以某个营养级的磷虾为食，或者以下一个营养级的鱼为食。 因此，结果可能揭示了饮食的长期转变是这两类猎物的可用性的函数。 众所周知，雪海燕的这些猎物的可用性又受到海冰覆盖变化的影响。 正如南极洲沿海沉积岩芯所揭示的那样，海冰覆盖范围随气候而变化。 所提出的分析有可能揭示食物网中高层的相应变化。