Collaborative Research: Diagnosing the Impacts of Blowing Snow in the Northern Great Plains Using Novel Instrumentation and Coupled Models

合作研究：使用新型仪器和耦合模型诊断北部大平原吹雪的影响

• 批准号: 2233182
• 负责人: David Bromwich
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2233182&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Diagnosing; Impacts; Blowing

Blowing snow is a common wintertime hazard in the Northern Great Plains. While the general conditions responsible for the process are understood, recent observations have demonstrated that blowing snow and blizzard conditions can vary significantly in time and space. Forecasting these events is difficult; weather models do not include the process, meaning that forecasters are reliant on imperfect techniques to predict the hazard. Further, it is believed that blowing snow can modify the lower atmosphere suggesting that additional downstream errors in forecasts are possible. Besides these immediate impacts on society, blowing snow is a critical process in open, cold regions of the globe by impacting the distribution of water and energy at the Earth’s surface. Innovative observations are needed to better understand blowing snow and provide the ground truth needed to advance efforts to model the process. This collaborative project seeks to understand the physical mechanisms and impacts of blowing snow in the Northern Great Plains. The project will investigate the microphysical structure of blowing snow layers and the roles that terrain, atmospheric state, and sublimation have on the evolution of these events. Innovative observations will be made in and around eastern North Dakota/northwestern Minnesota, a region prone to blizzards and blowing snow events. The project will continue development of affordable, ground-based and balloon-borne microphysical imagers. Collectively with traditional radiosondes and vertically pointing lidars, observations will be used to evaluate and improve a fully coupled blowing snow parameterization within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, and the improved model will be applied to identify the key aspects determining blowing snow behavior. Multiple graduate students and numerous undergraduate students will be impacted through field work, analysis of data, numerical modeling, and deployment of hydrometeor imagers to other academic institutions. The project will promote other public outreach efforts and includes partners such as state tribal colleges and the National Weather Service, ensuring dissemination of knowledge to diverse groups.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

吹雪是北部大平原上常见的冬季危险。尽管了解了负责该过程的一般条件，但最近的观察结果表明，吹雪和暴风雪条件在时间和空间上可能有很大差异。预测这些事件是困难的；天气模型不包括过程，这意味着预测者对预测危害的不完善技术负责。此外，据信吹雪可以改变较低的大气，这表明预测可能会有其他下游错误。除了对社会的这些直接影响外，吹雪是全球开放，寒冷地区的关键过程，通过影响地球表面的水和能量的分布。需要创新的观察以更好地理解吹雪，并提供促进对流程建模的努力所需的基础真理。这个合作项目旨在了解北部大平原上吹雪的物理机制和影响。该项目将研究吹雪层的微物理结构以及地形，大气状态和升华在这些事件演变中所具有的作用。在北达科他州/明尼苏达州西北部东部及其周围将进行创新的观察，该地区容易暴风雪和吹雪事件。该项目将继续开发负担得起的地面和气球传播的微物理图像。与传统的辐射仪和垂直指向的激光龙相同，将使用观测来评估和改善天气研究和预测模型（WRF）模型中完全耦合的吹雪参数化，并将应用改进的模型来确定确定吹雪行为的主要方面。多个研究生和众多本科生将通过现场工作，数据分析，数值建模以及将水力通讯图像部署到其他学术机构的影响。该项目将促进其他公共宣传工作，包括州立部落学院和国家气象局等合作伙伴，确保将知识传播给潜水员团体。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子的优点和更广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。