Collaborative Research: Diagnosing the Impacts of Blowing Snow in the Northern Great Plains Using Novel Instrumentation and Coupled Models

合作研究：使用新型仪器和耦合模型诊断北部大平原吹雪的影响

• 批准号: 2233182
• 负责人: David Bromwich
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2233182&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Diagnosing; Impacts; Blowing

Blowing snow is a common wintertime hazard in the Northern Great Plains. While the general conditions responsible for the process are understood, recent observations have demonstrated that blowing snow and blizzard conditions can vary significantly in time and space. Forecasting these events is difficult; weather models do not include the process, meaning that forecasters are reliant on imperfect techniques to predict the hazard. Further, it is believed that blowing snow can modify the lower atmosphere suggesting that additional downstream errors in forecasts are possible. Besides these immediate impacts on society, blowing snow is a critical process in open, cold regions of the globe by impacting the distribution of water and energy at the Earth’s surface. Innovative observations are needed to better understand blowing snow and provide the ground truth needed to advance efforts to model the process. This collaborative project seeks to understand the physical mechanisms and impacts of blowing snow in the Northern Great Plains. The project will investigate the microphysical structure of blowing snow layers and the roles that terrain, atmospheric state, and sublimation have on the evolution of these events. Innovative observations will be made in and around eastern North Dakota/northwestern Minnesota, a region prone to blizzards and blowing snow events. The project will continue development of affordable, ground-based and balloon-borne microphysical imagers. Collectively with traditional radiosondes and vertically pointing lidars, observations will be used to evaluate and improve a fully coupled blowing snow parameterization within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, and the improved model will be applied to identify the key aspects determining blowing snow behavior. Multiple graduate students and numerous undergraduate students will be impacted through field work, analysis of data, numerical modeling, and deployment of hydrometeor imagers to other academic institutions. The project will promote other public outreach efforts and includes partners such as state tribal colleges and the National Weather Service, ensuring dissemination of knowledge to diverse groups.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在北方大平原，吹雪是一种常见的冬季灾害。虽然人们已经了解了造成这一过程的一般条件，但最近的观测表明，吹雪和暴风雪的条件在时间和空间上可能会有很大的变化。 预测这些事件是困难的;天气模型不包括这一过程，这意味着预报员依赖于不完善的技术来预测灾害。 此外，据信，吹雪可以改变低层大气，这表明预测中可能存在额外的下游误差。除了这些对社会的直接影响外，吹雪是地球仪开放寒冷地区的一个关键过程，影响地球表面的水和能量分布。需要创新的观测来更好地理解吹雪，并提供推进模拟过程所需的地面事实。 这个合作项目旨在了解北方大平原吹雪的物理机制和影响。该项目将调查吹雪层的微物理结构以及地形，大气状态和升华对这些事件演变的作用。创新的观测将在北达科他州东部/明尼苏达州西北部及其周围进行，这是一个容易发生暴风雪和吹雪事件的地区。该项目将继续开发负担得起的地面和球载微物理成像仪。与传统的无线电探空仪和垂直指向激光雷达一起，观测结果将用于评估和改进天气研究和预报（WRF）模型中的完全耦合吹雪参数化，改进后的模型将用于确定决定吹雪行为的关键方面。多名研究生和众多本科生将通过实地工作，数据分析，数值建模和部署水凝物成像仪到其他学术机构的影响。该项目将促进其他公共外展工作，并包括合作伙伴，如国家部落学院和国家气象局，确保知识传播到不同的群体。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。