Theoretical Studies of the Quark Structure of Nucleons and Nuclei

确定质子和强子粒子内部夸克和胶子的分布是高能核物理和粒子物理的中心课题之一。这些分布的形式不仅影响我们对质子结构的理解，而且LSO还影响到对需要这些分布作为输入的高能实验的解释。这一提议的主要重点是计算核子海的各种不同模型中对质子海的Harge不对称贡献。这一提议的第二个重点是使用轻核的唯象描述来研究核对夸克分布的影响。这样的原子核足够紧密地束缚在一起，可以对它们的夸克分布进行重大的核修改，但又足够简单，可以用现象学的方法来模拟。我们建议应用以前用来计算轻核中单核子夸克分布的模型和方法，以检验这些模型的可行性，作为对观测到的原子核中夸克分布的修正的另一种解释。

0071658BeneshDetermination of the distributions of quarks and gluons inside ofthe proton and there hadronic particles is one f the central topics in high energy nuclear and particle physics. The form of these distributions impacts not only our understanding of the structure of the proton, but lso affects the interpretation of experiments at higher energies which require these distributions as input. The primary focus of this proposal is the calculation of the harge asymmetric contribution to the proton sea within a variety of distinct models of the nucleon sea. A secondary focus of this proposal is the study of nuclear effects on quark distributions using phenomenological descriptions of light nuclei. Such nuclei are sufficiently tightly bound to exhibit significant nuclear modifications to their quark distributions and yet are simple enough to be modeled phenomenologically. We propose to apply models and methods that have previously been used to calculate the quark distributions of single nucleons to light nuclei in order to test the viability of these models as alternative explanations of the observed modification of quark distributions in nuclei.