Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics

天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The search for quark matter and quark stars in the Universe: A longstanding aim of natural science is to understand the fundamental constituents of matter. Quarks and Gluons are the building blocks of the ordinary matter composed of neutrons and protons, and ordinarily remain hidden from us (i.e. they are trapped) inside protons and neutrons, requiring extreme temperature or pressure to liberate them. But nature might just do that in the ultra-dense cores of neutron stars offering us a natural laboratory to study how nuclei-free quarks can form. We developed the BURN-UD code (a first if its kind in the world) which captures the details of how neutrons inside neutron stars turn into quarks as they are squeezed by the force of gravity. We discovered that this transition can be explosive and converts the Neutron star to a Quark star (the Quark-Nova) releasing at least 10 times more energy than the most energetic Supernovae if harnessed this could be transformative to astrophysics with unique, neutrino and photon, signatures. We plan to search carefully for these signatures and improve our treatment of the physics of the explosion. Understanding how quarks can be freed from inside neutrons will advance our knowledge of matter at extreme conditions which could provide guidance for a new kind of experiments in Canada that could probe quark matter.****** The origin of heavy elements: The origin of the elements that make up our world is one of the oldest most fundamental scientific questions. Elements, including the carbon in our bodies and the iron that make up most of Earth, have been created by nuclear reactions in stars. However, the origin of elements beyond iron is still a mystery. They are attributed to a process called the r-process (rapid neutron capture process) which consists of seed nuclei (iron) exposed to a rich source of neutrons and ``gobbling up” as many of these neutrons as they can, yielding heavier elements. However, the site of the r-process is not known but Supernovae and colliding neutron stars are prime suspects since they produce a lots of neutrons and iron. A serious challenge is the fact that the nuclear processes governing these reactions are not well known and the properties of the extremely neutron-rich nuclei themselves are very hard to measure in laboratories. My research focuses on creating a software (a “sand-box”) for Canadian nuclear astrophysicists to simulate different astrophysical r-process sites while taking into account the uncertainties inherent to the underlying nuclear physics. Once these uncertainties are filtered out, THE astrophysical site for r-process can then be isolated. Knowing the exact site will have serious implications to the chemical evolution of the Universe. It will give us vital information about the properties of neutron-rich nuclei with direct bearing on many experiments being pursued at TRIUMF (Canada's national laboratory for particle and nuclear physics, Vancouver). **
在宇宙中寻找夸克物质和夸克恒星:自然科学的一个长期目标是了解物质的基本成分。夸克和胶子是由中子和质子组成的普通物质的基本组成部分,它们通常隐藏在质子和中子中(即它们被困在里面),需要极端的温度或压力才能释放它们。但大自然可能只是在中子星的超密集核心中这样做,为我们提供了一个天然的实验室来研究无核夸克是如何形成的。我们开发了BURN-UD代码(世界上第一个此类代码),它捕获了中子星内的中子在重力的挤压下如何变成夸克的细节。我们发现,这种转变可能是爆炸性的,将中子星转化为夸克星(夸克新星),释放的能量至少是最具能量的超新星的10倍,如果加以利用,这可能会改变天体物理学,具有独特的中微子和光子特征。我们计划仔细寻找这些特征,并改进我们对爆炸物理的处理。了解夸克是如何从中子中释放出来的,将提高我们对极端条件下物质的认识,这可能为加拿大一种新的实验提供指导,这种实验可以探测夸克物质。******重元素的起源:构成我们世界的元素的起源是最古老最基本的科学问题之一。一些元素,包括我们体内的碳和构成地球大部分的铁,都是由恒星的核反应产生的。然而,铁以外元素的起源仍然是个谜。它们被归因于一个被称为r过程(快中子捕获过程)的过程,这个过程由种子核(铁)暴露在丰富的中子源中,并“吞噬”尽可能多的中子,产生更重的元素。然而,r过程的位置尚不清楚,但超新星和碰撞的中子星是主要的怀疑对象,因为它们会产生大量的中子和铁。一个严峻的挑战是,控制这些反应的核过程尚不为人所知,而且中子极其丰富的原子核本身的性质很难在实验室中测量。我的研究重点是为加拿大核天体物理学家创建一个软件(一个“沙盒”),以模拟不同的天体物理r过程站点,同时考虑到潜在核物理学固有的不确定性。一旦这些不确定性被过滤掉,r-process的天体物理位置就可以被分离出来。知道确切的地点将对宇宙的化学演化产生重大影响。它将为我们提供有关富中子核性质的重要信息,这些信息与加拿大粒子和核物理国家实验室(温哥华)正在进行的许多实验直接相关。**

项目成果

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Ouyed, Rachid其他文献

Pricing European options with a log Student's t-distribution: A Gosset formula

Ouyed, Rachid的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Ouyed, Rachid', 18)}}的其他基金

Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Astrophysical (Magneto-Hydrodynamic) Jets and Astrophysical Quark Matter.
天体物理(磁流体动力学)喷流和天体物理夸克物质。
  • 批准号:
    261428-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Astrophysical (Magneto-Hydrodynamic) Jets and Astrophysical Quark Matter.
天体物理(磁流体动力学)喷流和天体物理夸克物质。
  • 批准号:
    261428-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Astrophysical (Magneto-Hydrodynamic) Jets and Astrophysical Quark Matter.
天体物理(磁流体动力学)喷流和天体物理夸克物质。
  • 批准号:
    261428-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Astrophysical (Magneto-Hydrodynamic) Jets and Astrophysical Quark Matter.
天体物理(磁流体动力学)喷流和天体物理夸克物质。
  • 批准号:
    261428-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Astrophysical (Magneto-Hydrodynamic) Jets and Astrophysical Quark Matter.
天体物理(磁流体动力学)喷流和天体物理夸克物质。
  • 批准号:
    261428-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The physics of jets and compact stars during stellar evolution: Theoretical and computational investigations
恒星演化过程中喷流和致密恒星的物理学:理论和计算研究
  • 批准号:
    261428-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

相似海外基金

Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Astrophysical Quark Matter: Implications to Nuclear and Explosive Astrophysics
天体物理夸克物质的理论和数值研究:对核和爆炸天体物理学的影响
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-04232
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.99万
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带Levy噪声的随机微分方程推导的非局部方程的理论与数值研究
  • 批准号:
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冲击波可压缩湍流的理论与数值研究
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后波光子微器件的理论研究和数值模拟。
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Theoretical studies and numerical simulations of backward-wave photonic micro devices.
后波光子微器件的理论研究和数值模拟。
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
    2010
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等离子体发电机和库埃特流实验的数值模拟和理论研究
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  • 财政年份:
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