A New Approach to Understanding the Timing, Rates, and Causes of Quaternary Soil Denudation
了解第四纪土壤剥蚀的时间、速率和原因的新方法
基本信息
- 批准号:0074085
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 12.84万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2000
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2000-08-15 至 2003-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
0074085Stern The history of soil erosion in central Texas and many other regions is poorly known, yet understanding this history is important for studies of environmental change and efforts in soil conservation. We propose to quantify the temporal evolution of soil thickness in the vicinity of Hall's Cave, which is located in the regionally-extensive Edwards Plateau in Kerr Co., TX. Soil evolution will be quantified through application of a novel technique the uses the strontium isotope composition (87Sr/86Sr of mammalian fossils preserved in the cave-filling sediment. A trenched sediment sequence at Hall's Cave contains a rich paleontologic record, and a high resolution chronology was constructed for the past 16,000 years of deposition in the cave. As soils were eroded from the Edwards Plateau beginning around 8,000 years ago, the relative contribution to the exchangeable strontium pool of Sr derived from the limestone bedrock (low 87Sr/86Sr values) should have increased with respect to the silicates (high 87Sr/86Sr values) in the soil. Therefore, the strontium isotope ratio of biota living on the landscape will change through time and reflect the 87Sr/86Sr value of the exchangeable Sr pool in the soil, and thus the soil thickness. WE will construct a history of soil thickness, which we will then compare to independent chemical and biotic proxies for changing temperature, moisture, and soil character. Specific proxies included: (1) the mineralogy and elemental chemistry of the cave sediments as a constraint on the soil erosion history; (2) the oxygen isotope ratio of fossils (backberries, snails and speleothems as a record of precipitation patterns in the past; (3) the carbon isotope ratio of tooth enamel and humus as a proxy for the proportion of C4 grass in the paleoecosystem; (4) the palynology of the strata; and (5) the paleoecology indicated by the rich vertebrate fauna. Temporal correlation of these environmental proxies with the soil erosion timing and rate, as indicated by the Sr isotope variations, will provide essential evidence to evaluate the causes of the profound soil erosion that denuded the central Texas landscape of its once thick soil.
0074085斯特恩德克萨斯州中部和许多其他地区的土壤侵蚀历史知之甚少,但了解这段历史对研究环境变化和土壤保护工作很重要。 我们建议量化霍尔洞穴附近土壤厚度的时间演变,霍尔洞穴位于克尔公司区域广泛的爱德华兹高原,TX. 土壤演变将通过一种新技术的应用进行量化,该技术使用保存在洞穴填充沉积物中的哺乳动物化石的锶同位素组成(87 Sr/86 Sr)。 霍尔洞穴的沟槽沉积序列包含丰富的古生物学记录,并为洞穴中过去16,000年的沉积构建了高分辨率年表。 由于土壤从大约8,000年前开始从爱德华兹高原被侵蚀,来自石灰岩基岩(低87 Sr/86 Sr值)的Sr对可交换锶库的相对贡献应该相对于土壤中的硅酸盐(高87 Sr/86 Sr值)有所增加。 因此,生活在景观上的生物群的锶同位素比值将随时间而变化,并反映土壤中可交换锶库的87 Sr/86 Sr值,从而反映土壤厚度。 我们将构建土壤厚度的历史,然后将其与温度、湿度和土壤特性变化的独立化学和生物代理进行比较。 具体代理包括:(1)洞穴沉积物的矿物学和元素化学对土壤侵蚀历史的制约;(2)化石的氧同位素比值(3)牙釉质和腐殖质的碳同位素比值作为C_4禾草在古生态系统中所占比例的代用指标;(4)地层的孢粉学;(5)丰富的脊椎动物群所指示的古生态。 这些环境代理与土壤侵蚀的时间和速率的时间相关性,如锶同位素变化所示,将提供必要的证据来评估深刻的土壤侵蚀的原因,剥得克萨斯州中部的景观,其曾经厚的土壤。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Libby Stern其他文献
Libby Stern的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Libby Stern', 18)}}的其他基金
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH:Relationship Between Subglacial Geology and Glacial Processes in West Antarctica: Petrological and Geochemical Analyses of Subglacial and Basal Sediments
合作研究:南极洲西部冰下地质与冰川过程之间的关系:冰下和基底沉积物的岩石学和地球化学分析
- 批准号:
0087393 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 12.84万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Award
地球科学博士后研究奖学金
- 批准号:
9505226 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 12.84万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship Award
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