Collaborative Research: Oxygen Transport and Utilization During Sleep Apnea in Elephant Seals

合作研究：象海豹睡眠呼吸暂停期间的氧气运输和利用

• 批准号: 0078540
• 负责人: Paul Ponganis
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-12-01 至 2004-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0078540&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Oxygen; Transport; Utilization

This project will combine animal physiology with biophysics and biochemistry in order to examine oxygen transport and consumption from whole animal to subcellular levels during the prolonged, spontaneous breath-holds of elephant seals during sleep. Unique adaptations in these animals include enhanced oxygen storage and exquisite regulation of heart rate, blood flow and tissue metabolic rates. The physiological processes and biochemical mechanisms underlying these adaptations are relevant to the basic principles of oxygen transfer within tissues as well as to the remarkable diving abilities of seals and whales. A variety of minimally- and non-invasive techniques, including blood/tissue sampling, blood flow measurements, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy, will allow study of these seals while they sleep undisturbed. This will allow: 1) examination of the regulation of heart rate, cardiac output and muscle blood flow throughout the ten-minute breath-holds of these seals, 2) measurement of the rate of blood oxygen depletion throughout the breath-hold, 3) examination of blood-to-muscle oxygen transfer as the blood oxygen level decreases, 4) determination of the oxygen desaturation rate of myoglobin - the oxygen storage protein in muscle, 5) examination of metabolic regulation in muscle, as reflected in the depletion of the high-energy phosphate, phosphocreatine, and the formation of lactate, and 6) examination of the mobility of the myoglobin molecule within the muscle cell.

该项目将动物生理学与生物物理学和生物化学相结合，以研究海象在睡眠中长时间自发屏气时，从整个动物到亚细胞水平的氧气运输和消耗。这些动物独特的适应性包括增强的氧气储存和对心率、血流量和组织代谢率的精细调节。这些适应的生理过程和生化机制与组织内氧转移的基本原理以及海豹和鲸鱼非凡的潜水能力有关。各种微创和非侵入性技术，包括血液/组织采样、血流测量和核磁共振成像/光谱学，将允许在这些海豹不受干扰地睡觉时对它们进行研究。这将允许：1)检查心率、心输出量和肌肉血流量的调节，2)测量整个屏气过程中的血氧消耗率，3)检查血氧水平降低时血液到肌肉的氧转移，4)测定肌红蛋白（肌肉中的储氧蛋白）的氧去饱和率，5)检查肌肉中的代谢调节。这反映在高能磷酸盐、磷酸肌酸的消耗和乳酸的形成，以及肌细胞内肌红蛋白分子流动性的检查。