Development of Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Instrumentation for High Pressure Research at Advanced Photon Source

[00:79513]随着近年来的诸多进展，高压研究正在成为物理科学的一个新领域。非弹性x射线散射（IXS）可以为高压研究提供一系列分析能力，用于以前无法实现的关键测量，高压研究可以为IXS提供许多应用，在这些应用中，该技术比其他方法具有独特的优势。集成需要协调一致的努力来优化IXS仪器，特别是在第三代同步加速器源的高压实验中。将开发用于高压研究的设备，使用非谐振IXS，谐振IXS，核谐振IXS和x射线发射光谱，能量分辨率为100 meV至1 eV，用于研究电子跃迁，1至10 meV用于声子研究。该设施的影响将是真正的多学科。通过大范围的压力调谐材料，将有可能研究电子气体，强相关电子系统，高能电子激发以及能量和动量空间中的声子的基本物理。该结果将影响材料的应用，并为地球和其他行星的深层内部提供基本信息。随着最近的无数进展，高压研究正在成为物理科学的一个新领域。该奖项将使科学家们能够利用位于伊利诺伊州阿贡新建立的先进光子源的巨大x射线功率来探测高压下的材料。将开发非弹性x射线散射（IXS）仪器，为高压研究提供以前无法实现的关键分析能力，并将帮助美国重新获得这一前沿的领导地位。该设施的影响将是真正的多学科。极端的压力使所有的材料都发生了巨大的变化，其中一些可能具有重要的技术应用，一些可能揭示新的科学原理。例如，温度最高的超导体和最强的超硬材料都是在高压下合成的。高压IXS仪器将能够“看到”电子的结构和原子的振动，并了解极端条件下的基本物理。这样的调查还将为地球和天体的深层内部提供基本信息，在这些内部，组成物质受到巨大的压缩。

0079513MaoWith its myriad recent advances, high-pressure research is emerging as a new dimension in physical science. Inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) can provide high-pressure research with an arsenal of analytical capabilities for key measurements that were previously unattainable, and high pressure research can provide IXS with numerous applications where the technique has unique advantages over other methods. The integration requires a concerted effort in optimizing IXS instrumentation specifically for high-pressure experimentation at the third-generation synchrotron source. A facility will be developed for high-pressure investigations using non-resonant IXS, resonant IXS, nuclear resonant IXS, and x-ray emission spectroscopies with energy resolutions of 100 meV to 1 eV for the study of electronic transitions, and 1 to 10 meV for phonon studies. The impact of the facility will be truly multidisciplinary. By pressure-tuning materials over a wide range, it will be possible to investigate fundamental physics of the electron gas, strongly correlated electron systems, high-energy electronic excitations, and phonons in energy and momentum space. The results will impact materials applications as well as provide basic information for the deep interiors of the Earth and other planets. With its myriad recent advances, high-pressure research is emerging as a new dimension in physical science. The award will allow scientists to harness the enormous x-ray power of the newly established Advanced Photon Source at Argonne, IL for probing materials at high pressures. Inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) instrumentation will be developed to provide high-pressure research with an arsenal of key analytical capabilities that were previously unattainable, and will help the U. S. to regain leadership at this frontier. Impact of the facility will be truly multidisciplinary. Extreme pressures impart drastic changes to all materials, some of which may have important technological applications, and some may reveal novel scientific principles. For instance, the highest temperature superconductor and the strongest superhard material are both synthesized at high pressures. The high-pressure IXS instrument will enable to "see" the structure of electrons and vibration of atoms and understand the fundamental physics under the extreme conditions. Such investigations will also provide basic information for the deep interiors of the Earth and astronomical bodies in which the constituent materials are under tremendous compressions.