MRI: Acquisition of Portable Extreme Temperature-Pressure System

MRI：获取便携式极端温度压力系统

• 批准号: 0821584
• 负责人: Ho-kwang Mao
• 金额: $ 39.74万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0821584&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; Portable; Extreme; Temperature

Non-technical AbstractImagine we could explore an enormous pressure (P) and temperature (T) field equivalent to the conditions spreading the entire Earth from the surface to its very center. In this field, countless new materials, properties, and phenomena would be discovered, our accessible materials base would be doubled or tripled, and many of the novel discoveries could be recovered to ambient conditions for practical use and the benefit of mankind. This vision could be realized if we had the proper exploration tool; the proposed portable system for creating the extreme P-T conditions and conducting in-situ investigation would make a key advancement toward this goal.We propose to acquire a portable system that combines both a heating laser and versatile probes. The design of the system takes advantage of recent breakthroughs in fiber laser and detector technology. Its highly portable head is no bigger than a handheld flashlight, yet so powerful that it can heat samples in a high-pressure vessel beyond the temperatures on the surface of the Sun, and detect a complete set of optical spectra. Portability is essential for bringing the extreme P-T samples for in-depth investigations at the nation?s most powerful synchrotron, neutron, spectroscopic and electromagnetic facilities. Development of the proposed system will impact our fundamental knowledge of physics and chemistry of matter, will unravel the deep secrets in Earth and planetary interiors, and will contribute to our quest for novel technological materials.Technical AbstractThis proposal seeks funds to acquire and develop a portable extreme temperature (T)-pressure (P) system for a broad range of materials studies to 10,000 K and several hundreds of GPa. The essential features are portability, a broad temperature range, and a modular design consisting of two fiber lasers and various probes and detectors. This instrument will be used for in-situ high T-P Raman spectroscopy, conventional and synchrotron IR spectroscopy, Brillouin spectroscopy, neutron diffraction, axial and radial x-ray diffraction, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, x-ray Raman spectroscopy, and inelastic x-ray scattering spectroscopy. The system will provide stable laser heating on a sample area greater than 30 µm in diameter, and will have reliable temperature measurement from 500-10,000 K, along with the advantages of portability, flexibility, self-sufficient control, and built-in safety features. The integrated instrument contains a microscope head, fiber lasers, IR and UV spectral radiograph modules, IR and visible CCD cameras, and a control system. The coupling of high T-P capabilities with numerous analytical probes will allow a wide variety of chemical and physical phenomena to be discovered and explored with greatly improved resolution. As a consequence, this new instrument will illuminate new and existing areas of research in physics, chemistry, materials science, geoscience, planetary science, and biology. The proposed system will also contribute significantly to infrastructure development by enhancing capabilities at synchrotron radiation and other major national facilities with new experimental techniques for the broader community and the training of new scientists at these facilities.

想象一下，我们可以探索一个巨大的压力（P）和温度（T）场，相当于整个地球从表面到中心的条件。 在这一领域，无数的新材料、新特性和新现象将被发现，我们可获得的材料基础将增加一倍或两倍，许多新发现可以恢复到环境条件下，用于实际应用，造福人类。如果我们有适当的勘探工具，这一愿景可以实现;拟议的便携式系统，用于创建极端的P-T条件和进行原位调查将朝着这一目标取得关键进展。我们建议获得一个便携式系统，结合了加热激光器和多功能探头。该系统的设计利用了光纤激光器和探测器技术的最新突破。 它的高度便携式头部并不比手持式手电筒大，但如此强大，以至于它可以将高压容器中的样品加热到太阳表面的温度以上，并检测一整套光谱。便携性对于将极端P-T样本带到国家进行深入调查至关重要？美国最强大的同步加速器，中子，光谱和电磁设施。该系统的发展将影响我们对物质的物理和化学的基础知识，将揭开地球和行星内部的深层秘密，并将有助于我们对新技术材料的探索。技术摘要该提案寻求资金，以获得和开发一种便携式极端温度（T）-压力（P）系统，用于广泛的材料研究，000 K和几百GPa。其基本特点是便携性、宽温度范围以及由两个光纤激光器和各种探头和探测器组成的模块化设计。该仪器将用于原位高温-高压拉曼光谱、常规和同步加速器红外光谱、布里渊光谱、中子衍射、轴向和径向X射线衍射、X射线吸收光谱、X射线拉曼光谱和非弹性X射线散射光谱。该系统将在直径大于30 µm的样品区域上提供稳定的激光加热，并将在500- 10，000 K范围内进行可靠的温度测量，沿着具有便携性，灵活性，自给自足的控制和内置安全功能的优点。该集成仪器包含显微镜头、光纤激光器、红外和紫外光谱射线照相模块、红外和可见光CCD相机以及控制系统。将高T-P能力与众多分析探针相结合，将允许以大大提高的分辨率发现和探索各种各样的化学和物理现象。 因此，这一新仪器将照亮物理学、化学、材料科学、地球科学、行星科学和生物学的新的和现有的研究领域。拟议的系统还将大大有助于基础设施的发展，通过为更广泛的社区提供新的实验技术和在这些设施培训新的科学家，提高同步辐射和其他主要国家设施的能力。